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15 Table 4 Production and yield of chickpeas in countries of North Africa, West Asia and South Europe during 1979a . Country Area Production Yield (x 1000 ha) (x 1000 tonnes) (kg/ha) World 10364 7405 714 North Africa Algeria 42 23 548 Morocco 62 64 1030 Tunisia 37 20 545 West Asia Cyprus I I 818 Iran 39 41 1049 Iraq 14 9 597 Jordan I I 385 Lebanon 1 2 1818 Syria 47 33 714 Turkey 180 226 1256 Europe Bulgaria I I 1000 Greece 10 9 900 Italy 14 17 1213 Portugal 39 12 320 Spain 103 64 621 Yugoslavia I I 600 a. Source: FAQ Production Yearbook, Vol 33, 1979. raising the winter crop will have to be determined in each agroecological zone within a country. Finally major campaigns will have to be mounted to demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of winter planting to the farmers of the region. References CUBERO, J.I. 1975. The research on the chickpea (Cicer arletinum) in Spain. Pages 117-122 in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Grain Legumes. ICRISAT, Patancheru, A.P., India. DJERBI, M., MALAIKI, A., and BOUSLAMA, M 1979. Food legume diseases in North Africa, Pages 103-105 in Food Legume Improvement and Development. Pub. IDRC-126e, Ottawa, Canada. ESER, D. 1979. Grain legume production in Turkey. Pages 71-74 in Food Legume Improvement and Development. Pub. IDRC-126e, Ottawa, Canada.
16 HANOUNIK, S.B. 1979. Diseases of major food legume crops in Syria. Pages 98-102 in Food Legume Improvement and Development. Pib. IDRC-126e, Ottawa, Canada. HAWTIN, G.C. 1975. The status of chickpea research in the Middle East. Pages 109-114 in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Grain Legumes. ICRISAT, Patancheru, A.P., India. Discussion M. Aslam What are the planting and harvesting time for spring and winter planted chickpeas and their relation with rainfall? G.C. Hawtin Planting of winter chickpeas in Syria depends on when the rains start; any time from October to December. Spring planting takes place towards the end of the rainy season in late February or March. M. Aslam Do you experience any mortality from wilt at crop maturity'time due to shortage of soil moisture? K.B. Singh Wilt and root rot disease complex makes comparatively more damage to spring sown crop than winter sown crop. However, the extent of damage by these diseases is not serious at the moment. M. Kamal Table 2 shows that the yield in winter planting even with local material can be upto 1700 kg/ha. Does that mean that we can avoid Ascochyta blight by planting at optimum date in certain location even by using susceptible cultivar? G.C. Hawtin Yields can be high on susceptible materials if there is no disease. When disease is severe, however, there can be zero yield. Delaying the planting date reduces the risk of disease, but the yield potential is also considerably lower. A. Telaye There are climatological differences of winter season in between ICARDA's working mandatory regions and Ethiopia. How could one reconcile the differences in integrating research activities? G.C. Hawtin In Ethiopia ascochyta blight has been reported to be a problem. Normally the crop is planted there, as here, at the end of the rainy season. Earlier planting during the summer rains in Ethiopia isanalogous to winter planting, and it too may result in better use of available moisture.
Page 1 and 2: A14 ""..."W~e S~wn ofCh all il NM I
Page 3 and 4: WORLD CROPS: PRODUCTION, UTILIZATIO
Page 5 and 6: Copyright (c) 1984 by ICARDA All ri
Page 7 and 8: VI THIRD SESSION: WINTER SOWING Agr
Page 9 and 10: Foreword The advancing of sowing da
Page 11 and 12: Editors' Note The idea to hold this
Page 13 and 14: Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, Ope
Page 15 and 16: 4 including stunt virus (pea leaf r
Page 17 and 18: 6 in with Iarmers'plans and proposa
Page 19 and 20: 8 about 130 to over 200 days, where
Page 21 and 22: 10 Table I Mean yield and range of
Page 23 and 24: 12 International Yield Trials A 10-
Page 25: 14 small plots on farmers' fields i
Page 29 and 30: 18 diospores (Khune and Kapoor 1980
Page 31 and 32: 20 2. Reproduction Asexual. The ase
Page 33 and 34: 22 surface. However, the fungus los
Page 35 and 36: 24 observed small reddish brown spo
Page 37 and 38: 26 Reddy and Nene (1979) developed
Page 39 and 40: 28 suggested the application of pot
Page 41 and 42: 30 ASKEROV, I.B. 1968. Ascochytosis
Page 43 and 44: 32 NEMLIENKO, F.E. and LUKASHEVICH,
Page 45 and 46: Proceedings ofthe Workshop on Ascoc
Page 47 and 48: 100/ ILC 1929 90 -80./ 8o0 / ILC
Page 49 and 50: 30 24 18 12 6 Temperature (°C) t6
Page 51 and 52: I I -I - --ii ' Disase Ic I ii I'll
Page 53 and 54: infected seed is a much more potent
Page 55 and 56: Proceedingsof the Workshop on Ascoc
Page 57 and 58: early February were found to give e
Page 59 and 60: pot assembly consists of a stem tha
Page 61 and 62: Table I A quantitative 9-point rati
Page 63 and 64: inoculating the plants by uniformly
Page 65 and 66: Proceedings ofthe Workshopon Ascoch
Page 67 and 68: Table I Cultural characteristics of
Page 69 and 70: Line/ Table 2 Disease grades produc
Page 71 and 72: India and Iran were highly sporulat
Page 73 and 74: LUTHRA, J.C. and BEDI K.S. 1932. So
Page 75 and 76: J.S. Grewal There are more chances
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68 Table I Summary of results of sc
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70 Table 3 Summary of results of sc
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72 ery originated from the USSR, Sp
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Table 7. Contd. Rating on 1-9 Scale
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Table 8 Contd. Rating on 1-9 Scale
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Table 9. Contd. Entry Origin Rating
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Table 10 Differential reaction of s
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82 1069, 1467, 1591 were found resi
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84 ing of the remaining collections
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86 AUJLA, S.S. 1964. Study of eleve
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Proceedings ofthe Workshop on Ascac
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Parents diallel cross F1 diallel cr
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R.Pieters Malic acid is known to ha
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96 (Hawtin and Singh 1983). Asv.-,h
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98 3. Identification of as many sou
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100 Germ. Evaluation Disease Res. M
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102 Robinson (1976) has further dev
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104 and by the time a multilinc cul
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106 lines will then be made availab
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108 GILL, K.S., NANDA, G.S., SINGH,
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110 the program for the development
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112 where they are not present. See
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114 cides have been found to be eff
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116 indicates that this propagate i
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118 Great care must be exercised in
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120 nature. Ascochyta propagules on
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122 ZACHOS, D.G., PANAGOPOULOS, C.G
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124 0 40 g30 Max 30 20. .,,10 Min ,
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126 ranged from November 22, 1978 t
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128 Genotypes Table 2 Grain yield o
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130 Response to Plant Population Th
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132 ILC 1929 at Tel Hadya and ILC 4
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134 Data in Tab. 5 emphasize the im
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136 appears adequate, therefore no
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138 Discussion F. EI-Sayed I am ass
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Proceedings of the Workshop on Asco
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Table I The timing of reproductive
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Table 3 Accumulated water use by sp
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Es x (1 - a) x Eo t where t is the
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BRIDA cm Water /Depth Interva', 3 4
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crops extended deeper than under wi
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(as at Jindiress), the winter-sown
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eduction in the size of the crop's
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Discussion G.C. Hawtin You raised a
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Table I Nodutation and total drymat
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162 Inoculation with single strain
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164 These results indicate that pho
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166 T.S. Sandhu Is there any techni
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168 April for Tal Abaid (36*42'N, 3
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170 At the end of the severe cold p
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172 Table 4 Origin of lines having
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174 stage (Tab. 6). Of the five cul
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176 HERZOG, H. 1978. Wachsturnsverh
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Proeedings of the Workshop on Ascoc
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There is little information availab
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of the major and minor pests in thi
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attack any other important crop pla
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KAY, D.E. 1979. Food Legumes - Crop
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190 On the other hand, two items th
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192 M.V. Reddy It looks as if the c
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Country World ICARDA region Algeria
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196 Table 2a Export of chickpeas by
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198 India, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela
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Proceedings ofthe Workshop on Ascoc
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Chickpea Cultivation 203 In Syria m
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Table 2 Comparison of the growth, s
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Excessive postharvest losses. Posth
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Seedbed preparation is very minimal
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carried out at the same time with w
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Table 4 Topographical classificatio
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were absorbed by the canning indust
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223 The advantages of winter sowing
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226 cultivars which could be plante
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Table 2 Area, production and yicld
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233 Threshing is mostly done by bul
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182, 192,'194,1069, 1772,3279,2380,
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238 4. Mycosphaerella pinodes and A
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240 Kausar (1960) discussed the rea
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242 Date Tale 2 Maximum temperature
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244 Table 4 Maximum temperature and
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soil moisture and therefore it is a
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Table 2 Characteristics of chickpea
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253 Table 5 Results of a trial on w
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Conclusion Chickpea in Tunisia has
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260 however, remained almost static
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262 Agricultural Universities and s
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264 greatest at flowering and fruit
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266 Basis of Resistance Kunzru and
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268 Discussion M. Aslain What is yo
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270 vars. It was assumed that the d
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Proceedings of the Workshop an Asco
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0- 400 ha ® Em 401 -1000 ha 1001 -
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277 Castille and even (1500 kg/ha)
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Table 3 'Rabia' attacks - environme
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would be pure extension. Diffusion
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284 7. The role of crop debris as a
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286 involving only a few treatments
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288 MAKKOUK, Khalid, Faculty of Agr
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