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234<br />
fodders. The farmers used this practice widely this season. This helps to<br />
reduce the quantum of inoculum in the fields.<br />
3. Crop rotation is practiced in area's where feasible so that infected fields are<br />
not brought under chickpea.<br />
4. Mix-cropping with wheat, barley, rape and mustard etc., is also practiced.<br />
Ascochyta Blight Research in Pakistan<br />
The disease was present in the North West Frontier Province decades earlier<br />
than the official report of its occurrence (Sandhu 1972). In 1926-27 heavy losses<br />
were reported in the Attock district (Singh 1927).<br />
Pathogenicity tests with Acochyta rabiei indicated that distinct physiological<br />
races of the pathogen do not exist in Pakistan. However, different isolates exhibit<br />
some cultural and morphological differences (Arif and Jabbar 1965).<br />
Host resistance has received major attention as a control measure. At the<br />
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, CS 30, V-i 73 and V-132 were found to be<br />
tolerant to blight. The resistance of V-132 broke down at the flowering stage<br />
while CS 30 and V-133 were poor in grain yield compared with C 727. To make<br />
use of tolerance of these lines, their seed was mixed with other high-yielding<br />
cultivars having similar seed characters, in a 50:50 ratio. It was expected that<br />
during blight-free years the loss in grain yield would be compensated by the high<br />
yielding component, while during blight years at least 50% of crop could be<br />
saved. AUG 480 (a mixture if CS 30 and AUG 426) withstood blight in Piplan,<br />
Rawalpindi and Faisalabad during 1978-79. To date, screening for blight at the<br />
University of Agriculture has shown that strains 626, 6190, 6212, KT-59/3, KT<br />
60/3 and KT-63/3 are tolerant to chickpea blight (Aslam et al. 1980).<br />
At the Nuclear Institute for Agriculture arid Biology, Faisalabad, an induced<br />
mutation breeding program was initiated during 1978-79 to induce resistance<br />
against ascochyta blight in chickpea. Segregating material consisting of 20,000<br />
M, single-plant progenies, 208 true breeding advanced mutant lines in M 5 generation<br />
and 23 pure lines/cultivars was screened at Faisalabad undee artificial,<br />
and at Attock under natural epiphytutic conditions. Two mutant lines, CM 68<br />
and CM 72, showed resistant reaction at both locations (Ahsanul Haq and<br />
Shakoor 1980).<br />
The germplasm obtained from iCRISAT and ICARDA plus local collections<br />
have been screened under artificially created heavy pressure of inoculum during<br />
the 1979-80 and 1980-81 seasons at the National Agricultural Research Centre<br />
(NARC), Islamabad, Agricultural Research Institute (ARI), Peshawar (Tarnab)<br />
and the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Thirty-seven lines (kabuli<br />
and desi) have been identified as resistant on a 1-9 scale: ICC 76, 607, 641, 1121,<br />
1467,1468,1591,7513,7514,7520,1772, ILC 72, 183, 191,195,201,202,484,