Kleinturbellarien aus dem Litoral der Binnengewässer Schleswig ...

530 Jens-Uwe Rixen
Frühlingstümpel bedingt, das zweite im August resultiert aus der großen
Zahl der sich zu dieser Zeit entwickelnden Phytalbewohner.
Summary
1. The present study deals with previously nearly unknown microturbellaria
of Schleswig-Holstein. In order to obtain a complete survey of
the object of this treatise, all findings of microturbellaria in our country
published hitherto are summarised.
2. Forty-four of the 69 obtained species (p. 468 f.) have not yet been
found in Sch1eswig-Holstein, 15 are new to Germany as a whole. Two of
them are new to science (Rhynchoscolex remanei and Macrostomum subterraneum),
a third species (Provorticidorum spec.) is only described pro­
visionally due to lack of material.
3. In the systematic-autecological part of this paper the circumstances
of the findings of the individual species are listed. Whenever possible,
their ecological demands have been analysed, and zoogeographical problems
treated. When necessary taxonomical facts have been added.
4. The high percentage of new species found for Schleswig-Holstein
and Germany demonstrates the deficiency in our knowledge of the distri­
bution of microturbellaria. Therefore one must excercise caution in the use
of hitherto published zoogeographical characterisations of some species
(especially according to Otomesostoma auditivum, Castrada sphagnetorum,
Castrada viridis, Koinocystis neocomensis).
5. The comparative-ecological part deals with the distribution of the
Schleswig-Ho1stein microturbellaria fauna within the different biotopes.
The studied biotopes are springs, sandy banks of rivers, standing waters
(divided in phytal, muddy biotopes, psammal, subterranean interstitia1
system), moor biotopes, wood and meadow ponds, and some waters of
an aberrant chemism. From the latter group the Oldesloe salt marshes
have been considered especially.
6. Two species are real ubiquists (Gyratrix hermaphroditus and Stenostomum
leucops), some others (tab. 8, group B) properly eurotopic. With regard
to still other species, one is ab1e to arrange certain groups to preferred
biotopes, as subterranean interstitia1 system, psammal, phyta1, verna1 ponds,
and moor biotopes (tab. 8, groups C-Q). In the Oldesloe salt ponds some
thalassogene species have been found for the first time inland, far from
the sea in salt water (Macrostomum hystricinum, Macrostomum tenuicauda,
Placorhynchus octaculeatus dimorphis, Bresslauilla relicta).
7. Diatoms have been demonstrated to be an important food of many
bottomliving species. The animals of the phytal feed on Rotatoria bdelloidea
to a high degree.