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de - Beste verfügbare Techniken (BVT) - Umweltbundesamt

de - Beste verfügbare Techniken (BVT) - Umweltbundesamt de - Beste verfügbare Techniken (BVT) - Umweltbundesamt

bvt.umweltbundesamt.de
von bvt.umweltbundesamt.de Mehr von diesem Publisher
05.01.2013 Aufrufe

Chapter 2 2.4 Site management and monitoring 2.4.1 Emission inventories and monitoring [31, European Commission, 2003], *018A,I*, *006A,I* Emission inventory Because of the production characteristics (batches, campaigns) the emission inventory is the key for understanding, operating and improving an OFC plant (not only) from an environmental point of view. A typical OFC site has implemented a system for the identification of generated waste streams and documentation of their further fate: output from processes, recovery, abatement and emissions. The obtained databases are used as tools for improvement strategies, communication with authorities (e.g. applications) and to fulfil report requirements. Table 2.6 gives an overview of the main parts of the management systems. Site inventory Waste stream inventory Mass balances Environmental Instrument Description Plans, maps, brief descriptions Schematic location of facilities, sources for waste streams, collection systems, sampling points Production matrix Records of batches/campaigns Waste stream analysis Waste streams from other sources Emission sources and emission data Solvent/VOC balance Highly hazardous substances Heavy metals COD balance Characterisation of substances at the interface plant/environment impact assessment Characterisation of the whole effluent at the interface plant/environment Process related identification and characterisation of each waste stream Identification and characterisation of other waste streams, e.g. from recovery systems Emission data related to the source and compared to the limits where fixed in permits Substances, mass flows, concentrations, characeristics (continuous/discontinuous) environmental impact Toxicity levels Table 2.6: Typical instruments for establishing an emission inventory Monitoring The emission inventory is mainly based on monitoring data but also partly on calculations and estimations (e.g. diffuse emissions from a biological WWTP). Parameters and monitoring frequencies are usually fixed in permits. 34 Dezember 2005 OFC_BREF

2.4.2 Overview to sources and parameters/pollutants 2.4.2.1 Waste gas emissions [31, European Commission, 2003] Chapter 2 The waste gas emissions can be divided into ducted emissions and non-ducted emissions (diffuse or fugitive). Table 2.7 gives an overview of the main sources and pollutants. Sources Others Pollutants From process equipment Exhaust gases from reaction vessels and condensers Exhaust gases from catalyst regeneration Exhaust gases from solvent regeneration Exhaust gases from storage and handling Exhaust gases from purge vents or preheating equipment Discharges from safety relief devices Exhaust gases from general ventilation systems Exhaust gases from diffuse or fugitive sources installed within an enclosure or building Diffuse emissions Fugitive emissions Sulphur compounds SO2, SO3, H2S, CS2, COS Nitrogen compounds NOX, N2O, NH3, HCN Halogens and compounds Cl2, Br2, HF, HCl, HBr Incomplete combustion products CO, CxHy VOC, Volatile organic compounds halogenated VOC Dust, soot, alkali, heavy Particulate matter metals Other CO2 Table 2.7: Overview to sources and pollutants for waste gas emissions OFC_BREF Dezember 2005 35

2.4.2 Overview to sources and parameters/pollutants<br />

2.4.2.1 Waste gas emissions<br />

[31, European Commission, 2003]<br />

Chapter 2<br />

The waste gas emissions can be divi<strong>de</strong>d into ducted emissions and non-ducted emissions<br />

(diffuse or fugitive). Table 2.7 gives an overview of the main sources and pollutants.<br />

Sources<br />

Others<br />

Pollutants<br />

From process equipment<br />

Exhaust gases from reaction vessels and con<strong>de</strong>nsers<br />

Exhaust gases from catalyst regeneration<br />

Exhaust gases from solvent regeneration<br />

Exhaust gases from storage and handling<br />

Exhaust gases from purge vents or preheating equipment<br />

Discharges from safety relief <strong>de</strong>vices<br />

Exhaust gases from general ventilation systems<br />

Exhaust gases from diffuse or fugitive sources installed within<br />

an enclosure or building<br />

Diffuse emissions<br />

Fugitive emissions<br />

Sulphur compounds SO2, SO3, H2S, CS2, COS<br />

Nitrogen compounds NOX, N2O, NH3, HCN<br />

Halogens and compounds Cl2, Br2, HF, HCl, HBr<br />

Incomplete combustion products CO, CxHy<br />

VOC,<br />

Volatile organic compounds<br />

halogenated VOC<br />

Dust, soot, alkali, heavy<br />

Particulate matter<br />

metals<br />

Other CO2<br />

Table 2.7: Overview to sources and pollutants for waste gas emissions<br />

OFC_BREF Dezember 2005 35

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