Konferenzbericht (PDF-Dokument, 3 MB) - SID

Wissen wandert
chen Gebiete zur Hilfe für die Bauern. Und ferner ändern
sich die Beziehungen zum Herkunftsland, da – im Ge-
gensatz zu früher – Distanzen immer leichter zu über-
winden sind. Diese neuen Trends verlangen neue Kon-
zepte: Ausbildung und Zugang zu Arbeit für beide Typen
von MigrantInnen, Vermeidung des Rückfalls der zwei-
ten und dritten Generation regulärer MigrantInnen in die
irreguläre Migration, Unterstützung der Herkunftsländer,
wozu der Autor verschiedene Ansätze vorschlägt. Es
sind die Städte, und nicht nur die Landesregierungen
gefragt, neue Wege zu gehen, um die Voraussetzungen
für eine triple win Situation zu schaffen und zu verhin-
dern, dass eine neue Unterklasse entsteht. Der Autor
fordert, dass dazu die bisherige ad hoc Politik der kurz-
fristigen mitunter undurchdachten Reaktionen durch
einen systemischen Ansatz ersetzt werden muss. Dazu
schlägt er der Politik vor, mit den MigrantInnen und der
Gesamtbevölkerung in einen regelmäßigen Dialog zu
treten und eine koordinierende Agentur einzurichten, die
sich sowohl mit den Potenzialen der MigrantInnen in der
Aufnahmestadt als auch mit den Potenzialen zur Förde-
rung der Entwicklung des Herkunftslandes befasst.
The new realities of migration and the city
- Migration is not longer marginal and not passing by;
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it will be a dominant characteristic of urban life in
generations to come, for the economy; the culture;
the quality and the coherence of the society. The
tendency the consider migration as marginal, ab-
normal and exceptional is a fatal mistake for a
maximum utilisation and regulation of this global
phenomenon.
- Migration is not just brain drain and a loss for the
sending country as it was perceived until recently. If
well treated migration could have a triple win out-
come: for the migrant, for the receiving society -read
city - and for the sending country.
- This triple win situation is first and foremost applica-
ble to the so called wanted and regulated migration
knowledge migrates
flows, in which there is a balance between demand
and supply – to speak in market terms -, but even
then this is not a process which doesn‟t demand a
strong and coherent set of policies, in the area of
schooling and education, housing, integration, pro-
tection. Recent international reports underscore the
potential and the need for regulation of this flow, for
tailor made policies sometimes (nationalities, ethnici-
ties), but also of the indispensability and the added
value of the presence of migrants for the receiving
societies.
- But there is also another reality: the growing divide
between wanted, regulated migration flows, and the
flows which are not asked for and which are - again
in unworthy market terms - supply driven. But it is an
illusion to think that the second category is temporar-
ily or can be contained. In a globalising world which
is open for the transfer of goods, finances, services
and above all information there are no longer
boundaries which can‟t be penetrated by human be-
ings. Human beings are naturally triggered by their
ambition to escape poverty and to foster self devel-
opment, but also and increasingly by pressures from
outside: environmental degradation; civil war and un-
rest, suppression, failing states, discrimination. And
a rather new but lasting and a growing phenomenon:
one or more members of an extended family are sent
abroad as an instrument for social insurance and se-
curity, to take care of additional foreign currency and
goods.
- Not only the origin and motives of migration are
changing as is its permanency, but also the relation-
ship between roots and future of the migrants. Mi-
grants three generations ago virtually cut off all their
linkages with the sending country as was the case
with many immigrants from Europe to North America.
One or two generations ago there remained some
family and societal contacts, but the main orientation
was on the receiving country, but nowadays the