3.1 Physikalische Grundlagen - Institut für Elektrische Anlagen

1 Einleitung Seite 2
1 Einleitung .....................................................................................................................................5
1.1 Zielsetzung ................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Überblick...................................................................................................................................5
1.2.1 Regenerative Stromversorgungen ......................................................................................6
1.2.2 Motive für regenerative Stromversorgung .........................................................................6
1.2.2.1 Umweltschutz..............................................................................................................6
1.2.2.2 Klimakonferenzen .......................................................................................................7
1.2.2.3 Unabhängigkeit ...........................................................................................................9
1.2.2.4 Nachhaltigkeit .............................................................................................................9
2 Dezentrale Stromversorgung......................................................................................................10
2.1 Definition ................................................................................................................................10
2.2 Anforderung ............................................................................................................................11
2.2.1 Primärregelung.................................................................................................................12
2.2.2 Sekundärregelung.............................................................................................................14
2.2.3 Tertiärregelung.................................................................................................................14
2.2.4 Einsatzplan der Regelungen.............................................................................................15
2.2.5 Spannungsniveau..............................................................................................................16
2.2.5.1 Berechnung................................................................................................................16
2.2.5.2 Spannungsanhebung ∆u ............................................................................................18
2.2.5.3 Schaltbedingte Spannungsänderung d (∆uSt) ............................................................18
2.2.6 Flickerpegel......................................................................................................................21
2.2.6.1 Definition ..................................................................................................................21
2.2.6.2 Berechnung................................................................................................................21
2.2.6.3 Maßnahmen...............................................................................................................24
2.2.7 Oberschwingungen...........................................................................................................25
2.2.7.1 Grenzwerte ................................................................................................................25
2.2.8 Rückwirkungen auf Rundsteueranlagen...........................................................................27
2.2.9 Zusammenfassung............................................................................................................28
3 Fotovoltaik .................................................................................................................................29
3.1 Physikalische Grundlagen.......................................................................................................29
3.1.1 Solarzellentypen...............................................................................................................30
Walter Hipp Diplomarbeit