Arabische Pferde IN THE FOCUS 4/2020 (Vol. 24) - public

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DNA research in Horses Bairaktar's acquittal Wissenschaft Warmblood fragile foal syndrome (WFFS) has become a horror in recent years in Warmblood breeding. But because similar symptoms to WFFS have also been found in (historic) Arabian horses, research has been conducted whether or not Bairaktar, who had a significant influence on Warmblood breeding, was the origin of WFFS. Warmblood fragile foal syndrome (WFFS) is a hereditary disease, an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a single nucleotide variant, that causes an incurable connective tissue disorder. It can be detected immediately after birth, when the foal usually gives a somewhat weak impression, but still seems to be okay with an existing sucking reflex. However, due to the genetic defect, the skin (epidermis) is not firmly connected to the lower tissues, which means that it may tear off even with only slight contact and stress, such as when trying to get up. No need to say, that the foals cannot survive. Similar disease in 1855 These symptoms sounded very much like a disease, which was first described in 1855 by Prof. Adolph Rueff at Hohenheim. In the years between 1841 and 1853, a „peculiar skin disease was observed in several foals born at the Royal Stud Weil in Württemberg: The foals were mostly born dead, or died at birth or soon after, and all displayed the same congenital malformations of the skin and the hooves. The skin, especially on the legs, but also on the back, the neck, and the face, was usually hairless, there were cysts filled with fluid, the upper skin detached from the layer beneath, the hooves shrank before birth and fell off in the womb or shortly after birth, and the oral mucosa was also affected.” Based on the description of the symptoms, we can today identify this condition as epitheliogenesis imperfecta (EI) or junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB). Professor Rueff also observed that all affected horses were grey and descended from the stallion Amurath I 1829, whether in the first, second, or third generation. In other words, Rueff identified the cause as grey colouring, inbreeding, and descent from Amurath I. He wrote: „As for eliminating this curse, the obvious strategy would be to stop using this stallion, in particular to avoid inbreeding, and in my opinion this would quickly and certainly achieve the desired result. However – the stallion is of such great significance, that it would be a disaster for the stud if he were to be so condemned, and it would be highly regrettable if nature itself would end the disease by the death of the stallion (who is already 25 years old). Thus, as long as the stallion lives, it should be considered how the problem might be solved without resorting to such very unfortunate radical means.” Inbreeding brought it to light We may doubt today if the grey colour is in any way connected to the above disease, as this condition today occurs only in Belgian Draft Horses (chestnuts) and American Saddlebreds, where it is clearly not linked to the grey colour. The fact that the affected horses at Weil were grey is easily explained by the fact that it was the most common colour in the Weil herd, especially among the descendants of Bairaktar and Amurath I. Rueff’s observation that inbreeding and descent from Amurath I might be the cause, is supported by the affected foals’ parentage. It you examine their pedigrees, you will see that Amurath’s sire Bairaktar db appears each time both on the sire’s and on the dam’s side. There is only one exception, the 1846 foal out of Kaaba II, whose symptoms were not identical to the others. We have to remember that in 1855, the laws of Mendelian inheritance were not yet known; Gregor Mendel only published them in 1866. Today we know that EI and JEB are passed on by autosomal recessive inheritance (as are CA and SCID); this means that it is not linked to gender, and both parents have to be carriers. Carriers appear perfectly healthy themselves, and only when the defective gene is inherited from both parents, making the foal homozygous for this trait, will it be affected and die. If we assume that Amurath I 1829 was a carrier, the mares must have been carriers as well. These however, with very few exceptions, were not descended from Amurath I, but from Amurath’s sire, Bairaktar Or.Ar. In other words, we may assume that Bairaktar Or.Ar. introduced this condition to the stud. But it only manifested itself when his daughters were bred to Amurath I, making them inbred to Bairaktar Or.Ar. Distribution of WFFS Back to today’s WFFS: A group of researchers (Reiter, Wallner, Brem from the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, et. al.) investigated the breed distribution of the WFFS allele. All in all, 4081 horses belonging to 38 different breeds were screened. In total, 4.9 % of the horses representing 21 breeds carried the WFFS allele. The affected breeds were mainly warmbloods, with carrier frequency as high as 17 % in the Hanoverian and Danish Warmblood. The WFFS allele was not detected in most non-warmblood breeds. Exceptions include WFFS carriers in the Thoroughbred (17/716), Haflinger (2/48), American Sport Pony (1/12), and Knabstrupper (3/46). But all of the 302 Arabians in this investigation were free of the mutated allele. Considering the huge impact the stallion Bairaktar had on Warmblood breeding through his great-great-great-grandson Amurath 1881, and the fact that Bairaktar appears several hundred times in some Warmblood pedigrees, such as Cornet Obolensky, Sandro Hit or Valegro, the researchers wanted to investigate this track further. They then asked for a tooth of Bairaktar, to extract and analyze his DNA. Bairaktar’s skeleton is property of the University of Hohenheim, is on permanent lease to the State Stud Marbach and exhibited at the horse museum at Offenhausen. DNA extraction was performed in the cleanroom of the laboratory at the Natural History Museum in Vienna, following standard procedures to avoid contamination, using one of the molars of Bairaktar. The result clearly showed that he did not carry the mutated allele. This, together with the fact that all Arabians in this investigation were free of the mutated allele, of which 16 mares and 3 stallions were used in the Polish breeding program and traced to Bairaktar, acquitted the desert-bred Arabian Bairaktar from being the origin of WFFS. To date, the exact origin of WFFS is unclear. Gudrun Waiditschka 74 © ARABISCHE PFERDE - IN THE FOCUS 4/2020
Über die Regenbogenbrücke... Over the Rainbowbridge... Foto: Jan Kan Im Alter von 21 Jahren mußte der Marbacher Hauptbeschäler Said (Pamir I / Sadana) abtreten – innenliegende Melanome machten ihm zunehmend zu schaffen. Er entstammte der Bairaktar-Linie über den polnischen Zweig, und ging mütterlicherseits auf Murana I zurück. Das Haupt- und Landgestüt Marbach ist die einzige Zuchtstätte mit Hengsten dieser Linienkombination in Europa. Nach dem Tod von Dschehim 2016 und nun von Said ist der Siegerhengst der VZAP-Körung 2019, WM Devdas (v. Dschehim), der einzige Vertreter dieser Linie in Marbach und einer der wenigen weltweit. Leider wurde Said züchterisch kaum genutzt, obwohl auch er eine überdurchschnittliche HLP mit 106 Punkten abgelegt hatte und für andere Rassen gekört war. -gw- ASS Kendal 1989 - 2020 Familie Jacobs in Belgien mußte Abschied nehmen von ihrem Hengst ASS Kendal (Tamarek / Eskada RJ), der im stolzen Alter von 31 Jahren starb. Kendal war seinerzeit mehrmals belgischer National-Champion und ist Vater von nationalen und internationalen Siegern, sowohl in der Show als auch im Rennen. Aber man findet seinen Namen auch in den Pedigrees von mehreren Welt-Champions wie Warandes Plakat, Saskia RJ und Bess Faiza. Gerade Saskai RJ hat die belgische Zucht maßgeblich beeinflußt. ASS Kendals Pedigree war eine Mischung aus russischen, englischen und spanisch-ägyptischen „Golden Cross“-Linien und sein Name findet sich heute über seinen Sohn Hallim Ibn Kendal auch im Pedigree des beliebten Vererbers SMA Magic One. -gw- Said 1999 - 2020 At the age of 21, the chief sire Said (Pamir I / Sadana) of Marbach State Stud had to step off the stage of life - internal melanomas were increasingly bothering him. He belongs to the Bairaktar sire line via the Polish branch, and tails back to Murana I on the maternal side. The main and state stud Marbach is the only stud with stallions of this line combination in Europe. After the death of Dschehim in 2016 and now of Said, the winner of the VZAP licensing 2019, WM Devdas (by Dschehim), is the only representative of this line in Marbach and one of the few worldwide. Unfortunately, Said was hardly used in breeding, although he, too, had an above-average stallion performance test with 106 points and was licensed for other breeds. -gw- Foto: G. Waiditschka Borsalino K 1997 - 2020 Der in Brasilien von Murilo Kammer gezüchtete Borsalino K (Encore Ali / Keepsake V) stand seit vielen Jahren bei Johanna Ullström im Zuchteinsatz. Nun mußte er aufgrund einer alten, sich verschlimmernden Sehnenverletzung eingeschläfert werden. Borsalino entstammt hauptsächlich US-amerikanischen Blutlinien, seine Mutter Keepsake V war Scottsdale Champion. Dem Betrachter fielen insbesondere seine großen, seelenvollen Augen auf – und er war auch eine Seele von Pferd. Er hinterlässt weltweit ca. 150 Nachkommen und hat sich in erster Linie über seine Töchter als Vererber von guten Zuchtstuten einen Namen gemacht. Über diese wird er noch lange in der Zucht nachwirken. -gw- 4/2020 - www.in-the-focus.com 75 At the age of 31, the Jacobs family in Belgium had to say goodbye to their stallion ASS Kendal (Tamarek / Eskada RJ). Kendal was Belgian National Champion several times in his days and he is the sire of national and international winners, both in the show and on the race track. But you can also find his name in the pedigrees of several world champions such as Warandes Plakat, Saskia RJ and Bess Faiza. Saskai RJ in particular has had a major influence on Belgian Arabian horse breeding. ASS Kendal’s pedigree was a mixture of Russian, English and Spanish-Egyptian "Golden Cross" lines and his name can also be found today via his son Hallim Ibn Kendal in the pedigree of the popular sire SMA Magic One. -gw- Borsalino K (Encore Ali / Keepsake V), bred by Murilo Kammer in Brazil, has been with Johanna Ullström for many years as a breeding stallion. Now he had to be put to sleep from an old, worsening tendon injury. Borsalino comes mainly from US bloodlines, his sire was Canadian National Champian Futurity Colt, his dam Keepsake V was a Scottsdale Champion. The viewer particularly noticed his large, soulful eyes - and he was also a horse soul. He has around 150 offspring worldwide and has made a name for himself primarily through his daughters as a sire of good broodmares. He will continue to have an effect on breeding through this for a long time to come. -gw- Über den Regenbogen
Seite 1 und 2:
Arabian Horses Arabische Pferde 4/2
Seite 3 und 4:
Editorial Hope Die Hoffnung stirbt
Seite 5 und 6:
Content Artikel Table of Content Pa
Seite 7 und 8:
Schon allein die Fahrt nach Dashour
Seite 9 und 10:
Zucht Hengstlinie / Sireline Gami
Seite 11 und 12:
Hengstlinie / Sireline El Deree 1 -
Seite 13 und 14:
The drive to Dashour alone was wort
Seite 15 und 16:
Zucht Stutenlinie / damline El Ka
Seite 17 und 18:
Zucht Stutenlinie / damline El Obe
Seite 19 und 20:
Vielfach wird über die genetische
Seite 21 und 22:
Amurath 'Weil' (Tajar 1873 / Koheil
Seite 23 und 24: Ibn Rabdan (Rabdan El Azrak / Bint
Seite 25 und 26: Zucht Foto: privat Foto: privat F
Seite 27 und 28: Hengst Rasse Rasse- und Geschlechts
Seite 29 und 30: Zucht Foto: privat Foto: G. Waidi
Seite 31 und 32: Als Kind bin ich mit „Black Beaut
Seite 33 und 34: Nachwuchsstute Al Shahrima Al Azim
Seite 35 und 36: Seit den 1970er Jahren werden bei F
Seite 37 und 38: Geprüfte Zuchtpferde heißt für U
Seite 39 und 40: 1 Farbe: Fuchs geb.: 1997 Stm.: 1,5
Seite 41 und 42: 7 Foto: Melanie Groger Farbe: Braun
Seite 43 und 44: 13 Farbe: Fuchs geb.: 2004 Stm.: 1,
Seite 45 und 46: 19 Farbe: Schimmel geb.: 2010 Stm.:
Seite 47 und 48: 25 Farbe: Fuchs geb.: 1996 Stm.: 1,
Seite 49 und 50: 31 Farbe: Fl‘schimmel geb.: 2006
Seite 51 und 52: 37 NorCal Sierra SnoMan Partbred Ar
Seite 53 und 54: 31 TERSK STUD CORDIALLY INVITES FOR
Seite 56 und 57: News Henganerkennung des ÖAZV Der
Seite 58 und 59: News Pagur im Einsatz bei den Trake
Seite 60 und 61: Shagya-Araber Zucht News Das Teilne
Seite 62 und 63: Die Geschichte der Araberzucht in P
Seite 64 und 65: Kuhailan Szerif (Kuhailan Zaid / 15
Seite 66 und 67: Der Gestütsleiter Oberstleutnant H
Seite 68 und 69: Among the eight horses, that were i
Seite 70 und 71: History Jan Ziniewicz holding Almif
Seite 72 und 73: DNA-Forschung beim Pferd Bairaktar'
Seite 76 und 77: Araber Sport des Jahres Die Leser h
Seite 78 und 79: Shagya-Araber Shagyas im Turnierspo
Seite 80 und 81: Termine 2021 / Shows & Events 2021
Seite 82: Vorschau - Preview Vorschau - Previ
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