Integrierte Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung

Chapter 7
The nature of the raw materials in the FDM sector and the importance of freshness, both for
product quality and to prevent waste, makes collaboration between upstream and downstream
partners important. It was agreed that “BAT is to seek collaboration with upstream and
downstream partners, to create a chain of environmental responsibility, to minimise pollution
and to protect the environment as a whole”. This is consistent with the BAT approach, not only
at a site-specific level, but also on a wider scale and it may be achieved at installation level or
on a wider scale via organisations representing the FDM sector.
Maintenance of acceptable hygiene standards is critical in FDM installations to guarantee
product quality and food safety. This strict hygiene control and the consequent requirement for
regular and frequent cleaning of FDM installations and equipment have greatly influenced the
BAT conclusions, especially those related directly to cleaning. Also, the recipes of some
products have influenced the environmental considerations as the application of some
techniques may be necessary to ensure a certain flavour, aroma or texture and this may make
other techniques inapplicable.
One split view was registered. One MS does not agree with the footnote in Tabelle 5.1, which
shows FDM waste water quality after treatment. The footnote states that “Better levels of BOD5
and COD can be obtained. It is not always possible or cost effective to achieve the total nitrogen
and phosphorus levels shown, in view of local conditions”. The MS believes that deviations
from BAT, e.g. due to local conditions, are exclusively allowed to strengthen the requirements
of permits.
There were some discussions arising from new information introduced during the meeting.
These are discussed in Section 1.5, which contains recommendations for further work.
When the BAT associated level for dry dust emissions from FDM installations was discussed at
the final plenary meeting, the question of whether this applied to emissions from combustion
power plants in FDM installations was raised. Emissions from combustion power plants had not
been a subject of the information exchange before the final meeting, so it was made clear that
the BAT associated emission levels are not intended to represent BAT from such combustion
plants.
7.3 Information provided
The TWG comprises 16 MSs and the FDM industries also form a large proportion of the group.
Many of the TWG members from industry are part of the CIAA delegation. Some of the TWG
members from MSs also include industry representatives. Equipment suppliers are also
represented. The environmental NGOs did not participate in the work on this document.
Many reports from MSs and industry were used as sources of information in the drafting of this
document, including information from example plants. The participation of individual MSs in
the work, to an extent, reflected the regional distribution of the sectors. For example, several
MSs participated in the work on dairies, with notable contributions from the Nordic states [42,
Nordic Council of Ministers, et al., 2001], Germany [9, Verband der Deutschen Milchwirtschaft
(German Dairy Association), 1999] and Italy [75, Italian contribution, 2002]. Greece, Italy,
Portugal and Spain dominated the discussions about olive oil. Italy provided all of the
information about pasta. Germany was one of the most active members in the information
exchange process. Much of the information provided by Germany was the result of close
collaboration between the German authorities and some individual FDM sectors [65, Germany,
2002], e.g. the vegetable oil and fats, dairy and brewing sectors.
616 January 2006 RHC/EIPPCB/FDM_BREF_FINAL