Integrierte Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung

Integrierte Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung Integrierte Vermeidung und Verminderung der Umweltverschmutzung

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10.12.2012 Aufrufe

2.2.1.3.5 Packing (H.1)..................................... 67 2.2.1.3.5 Verpacken (H.1) .................................. 67 2.2.1.3.6 Gas flushing (H.2) ............................. 67 2.2.1.3.6 Spülen mit Gas (H.2)........................... 67 2.2.2 Fish and shellfish............................... 67 2.2.2 Fisch und Muscheln............................. 67 2.2.2.1 2.2.2.1 Tiefgekühlt verarbeitete Fisch- Frozen processed fish/moulded /Formfischprodukte und fish products and fish fingers........... 68 Fischstäbchen ...................................... 68 2.2.2.2 Canned fish/shellfish products......... 68 2.2.2.2 Dosenfisch-/Muschelprodukte............. 68 2.2.2.3 Crustaceans ....................................... 69 2.2.2.3 Krustentiere ......................................... 69 2.2.2.4 Molluscs ............................................. 69 2.2.2.4 Weichtiere ........................................... 69 2.2.3 Fruit and vegetables.......................... 69 2.2.3 Obst und Gemüse ................................ 69 2.2.3.1 Ready meals that predominantly 2.2.3.1 Fertiggerichte, die hauptsächlich contain fruit and vegetables ............. 70 Obst und Gemüse enthalten................. 70 2.2.3.2 Fruit juice .......................................... 71 2.2.3.2 Obstsaft................................................ 71 2.2.3.3 Heat treated fruit .............................. 71 2.2.3.3 Wärmebehandeltes Obst...................... 71 2.2.3.4 Frozen fruit........................................ 72 2.2.3.4 Tiefkühlobst......................................... 72 2.2.3.5 Fruit preserves .................................. 72 2.2.3.5 Obstkonserven ..................................... 72 2.2.3.6 Dried fruit.......................................... 73 2.2.3.6 Trockenobst......................................... 73 2.2.3.7 Tomatoes............................................ 73 2.2.3.7 Tomaten............................................... 73 2.2.3.8 Potatoes.............................................. 73 2.2.3.8 Kartoffeln ............................................ 73 2.2.3.8.1 Potato chips........................................ 74 2.2.3.8.1 Kartoffelchips...................................... 74 2.2.3.8.2 Potato crisps ...................................... 74 2.2.3.8.2 Kartoffelcrisps ..................................... 74 2.2.3.9 Vegetable juice .................................. 74 2.2.3.9 Gemüsesaft .......................................... 74 2.2.3.10 Heat treated and frozen 2.2.3.10 Wärmebehandeltes und tiefgekühltes vegetables........................................... 75 Gemüse................................................ 75 2.2.3.11 Pickling of vegetables........................ 75 2.2.3.11 Eingelegtes Gemüse ............................ 75 2.2.3.12 Vegetable drying ............................... 75 2.2.3.12 Trockengemüse.................................... 75 2.2.4 Vegetable oils and fats ...................... 75 2.2.4 Pflanzliche Öle und Fette .................... 75 2.2.4.1 Seed oil extraction ............................. 76 2.2.4.1 Ölsaatextraktion................................... 76 2.2.4.2 2.2.4.2 Raffinieren von Speiseölen und Refining of edible oils and fats ......... 76 -fetten................................................... 76 2.2.4.3 Crystallisation of edible oils and 2.2.4.3 Kristallisieren von Speiseölen und fats ...................................................... 78 -fetten................................................... 78 2.2.4.4 Further processing of edible oils 2.2.4.4 Weiterverarbeitung von Speiseölen and fats – margarine......................... 78 und -fetten – Margarine ....................... 78 2.2.4.5 Olive oil .............................................. 78 2.2.4.5 Olivenöl............................................... 78 2.2.4.6 Olive-pomace oil................................ 79 2.2.4.6 Öl aus Oliventrester............................. 79 2.2.5 Dairy products................................... 79 2.2.5 Molkereiprodukte ................................ 79 2.2.5.1 Milk and cream ................................. 79 2.2.5.1 Milch und Rahm.................................. 79 2.2.5.2 Condensed and powdered milk........ 82 2.2.5.2 Kondens- und Trockenmilch ............... 82 2.2.5.3 Butter ................................................. 84 2.2.5.3 Butter................................................... 84 2.2.5.4 Cheese ................................................ 85 2.2.5.4 Käse..................................................... 85 2.2.5.5 Yoghurt .............................................. 87 2.2.5.5 Joghurt................................................. 87 2.2.5.6 Ice-cream ........................................... 88 2.2.5.6 Speiseeis .............................................. 88 2.2.5.7 Whey .................................................. 89 2.2.5.7 Molke................................................... 89 2.2.6 Grain mill products........................... 89 2.2.6 Getreidemühlenprodukte ..................... 89 2.2.7 Dry pasta............................................ 90 2.2.7 Trockene Nudelwaren.......................... 90 2.2.8 Starch ................................................. 91 2.2.8 Stärke................................................... 91 2.2.8.1 Maize starch ...................................... 92 2.2.8.1 Maisstärke ........................................... 92 2.2.8.2 Wheat starch...................................... 93 2.2.8.2 Weizenstärke ....................................... 93 2.2.8.3 Potato starch...................................... 94 2.2.8.3 Kartoffelstärke..................................... 94 2.2.8.4 Sweeteners ......................................... 96 2.2.8.4 Süßstoffe.............................................. 96 2.2.8.5 Modified (physical/chemical) 2.2.8.5 Modifizierte (physikalisch/ starch.................................................. 96 chemisch) Stärke ................................. 96 2.2.9 Animal feed........................................ 96 2.2.9 Tierfutter.............................................. 96 2.2.9.1 2.2.9.1 Tierfutter und trockenes Animal feed and dry petfood............ 96 Haustierfutter....................................... 96 2.2.9.2 Moist petfood..................................... 97 2.2.9.2 Feuchtes Haustierfutter........................ 97 2.2.9.3 Semi-moist petfood............................ 97 2.2.9.3 Halbfeuchtes Haustierfutter................. 97 2.2.10 Bread.................................................. 97 2.2.10 Brot...................................................... 97 2.2.11 Confectionery .................................... 99 2.2.11 Konditoreiwaren.................................. 99 2.2.11.1 Biscuits ............................................... 99 2.2.11.1 Kekse................................................... 99 2.2.11.2 Cakes.................................................. 99 2.2.11.2 Kuchen................................................. 99 2.2.11.3 Cocoa.................................................. 100 2.2.11.3 Kakao................................................... 100 xxii Januar 2006 RHC/EIPPCB/FDM_BREF_FINAL

2.2.11.4 Chocolate............................................ 100 2.2.11.4 Schokolade........................................... 100 2.2.11.5 Boiled sweets ...................................... 101 2.2.11.5 Bonbons ............................................... 101 2.2.12 Sugar................................................... 101 2.2.12 Zucker.................................................. 101 2.2.12.1 Sugar beet extraction ........................ 101 2.2.12.1 Zuckerrübenextraktion......................... 101 2.2.12.2 Sugar cane.......................................... 102 2.2.12.2 Zuckerrohr ........................................... 102 2.2.12.3 Sugar refining .................................... 102 2.2.12.3 Zuckerraffination ................................. 102 2.2.13 Coffee.................................................. 102 2.2.13 Kaffee .................................................. 102 2.2.13.1 Roasting coffee................................... 102 2.2.13.1 Röstkaffee ............................................ 102 2.2.13.2 Instant coffee...................................... 103 2.2.13.2 Löslicher Kaffee .................................. 103 2.2.13.3 Decaffeinated coffee .......................... 104 2.2.13.3 Entkoffeinierter Kaffee ........................ 104 2.2.14 Yeast ................................................... 105 2.2.14 Hefe...................................................... 105 2.2.15 Malting ............................................... 105 2.2.15 Mälzen ................................................. 105 2.2.16 Brewing .............................................. 106 2.2.16 Brauwirtschaft...................................... 106 2.2.16.1 Mashing.............................................. 107 2.2.16.1 Maische................................................ 107 2.2.16.2 Fermentation...................................... 107 2.2.16.2 Fermentierung...................................... 107 2.2.16.3 Maturation/conditioning................... 107 2.2.16.3 Reifen/Konditionieren.......................... 107 2.2.17 Distilling ............................................. 108 2.2.17 Destillation........................................... 108 2.2.17.1 Scotch whisky..................................... 108 2.2.17.1 Schottischer Whisky ............................ 108 2.2.17.2 Cognac................................................ 108 2.2.17.2 Cognac ................................................. 108 2.2.18 Wine.................................................... 109 2.2.18 Wein..................................................... 109 2.2.18.1 Reception............................................ 109 2.2.18.1 Annahme.............................................. 109 2.2.18.2 2.2.18.2 Zerquetschen und Entstielen von Grape crushing and destemming ..... 109 Trauben ................................................ 109 2.2.18.3 Pressing .............................................. 109 2.2.18.3 Auspressen........................................... 109 2.2.18.4 Fining.................................................. 109 2.2.18.4 Klären .................................................. 109 2.2.18.5 Fermentation...................................... 109 2.2.18.5 Fermentierung...................................... 109 2.2.18.6 Ageing................................................. 109 2.2.18.6 Reifung ................................................ 109 2.2.18.7 Cold stabilisation ............................... 110 2.2.18.7 Kältestabilisation ................................. 110 2.2.18.8 Bottling ............................................... 110 2.2.18.8 Abfüllen in Flaschen............................ 110 2.2.19 Soft drinks.......................................... 110 2.2.19 Alkoholfreie Getränke ......................... 110 2.2.20 Citric acid........................................... 110 2.2.20 Zitronensäure ....................................... 110 3 CURRENT CONSUMPTION 3 DERZEITIGE VERBRAUCHS- AND EMISSION LEVELS............... 113 UND EMISSIONSPEGEL .................. 113 3.1 General consumption and 3.1 Allgemeine Angaben zu Verbrauch emission information......................... 115 und Emissionen.................................... 115 3.1.1 Water.................................................. 115 3.1.1 Wasser.................................................. 115 3.1.1.1 Water consumption ........................... 115 3.1.1.1 Wasserverbrauch.................................. 115 3.1.1.2 Waste water ....................................... 116 3.1.1.2 Abwasser.............................................. 116 3.1.1.2.1 Quantity of waste water .................... 116 3.1.1.2.1 Abwassermenge................................... 116 3.1.1.2.2 Composition of waste water.............. 117 3.1.1.2.2 Abwasserzusammensetzung................. 117 3.1.2 Air emissions...................................... 118 3.1.2 Luftemissionen..................................... 118 3.1.2.1 Odour.................................................. 119 3.1.2.1 Geruchsbildung.................................... 119 3.1.3 Loss of materials................................ 119 3.1.3 Materialverluste ................................... 119 3.1.3.1 Exceed weight/volume 3.1.3.1 Überschreiten der Gewichtsspecification ....................................... 119 /Volumenvorgaben............................... 119 3.1.3.2 Spillage ............................................... 119 3.1.3.2 Verschütten .......................................... 119 3.1.3.3 Leakage/overflow............................... 119 3.1.3.3 Aus-/Überlaufen................................... 119 3.1.3.4 Product defects/returned product.... 120 3.1.3.4 Defekte/zurückgegebene Produkte ...... 120 3.1.3.5 Inherent loss....................................... 120 3.1.3.5 Inhärente Verluste................................ 120 3.1.3.6 Retained material .............................. 120 3.1.3.6 Zurückgehaltene Stoffe........................ 120 3.1.3.7 Heat deposited waste ......................... 120 3.1.3.7 Wärmebedingte Abfälle....................... 120 3.1.4 Energy ................................................ 120 3.1.4 Energie................................................. 120 3.2 Consumption and emissions in 3.2 Verbrauch und Emissionen bei unit operations .................................. 121 Arbeitsgängen ...................................... 121 3.2.1 Materials handling and storage 3.2.1 Materialhandhabung und -lagerung (A.1) .................................................... 123 (A.1)..................................................... 123 3.2.1.1 Water.................................................. 123 3.2.1.1 Wasser.................................................. 123 3.2.1.2 Air emissions...................................... 123 3.2.1.2 Luftemissionen..................................... 123 3.2.1.3 Solid output........................................ 124 3.2.1.3 Abgegebene Feststoffe......................... 124 3.2.1.4 Energy ................................................ 124 3.2.1.4 Energie................................................. 124 3.2.1.5 Noise ................................................... 124 3.2.1.5 Lärm..................................................... 124 3.2.1.6 Accidental release.............................. 124 3.2.1.6 Unbeabsichtigte Freisetzung................ 124 RHC/EIPPCB/FDM_BREF_FINAL Januar 2006 xxiii

2.2.1.3.5 Packing (H.1)..................................... 67 2.2.1.3.5 Verpacken (H.1) .................................. 67<br />

2.2.1.3.6 Gas flushing (H.2) ............................. 67 2.2.1.3.6 Spülen mit Gas (H.2)........................... 67<br />

2.2.2 Fish and shellfish............................... 67 2.2.2 Fisch <strong>und</strong> Muscheln............................. 67<br />

2.2.2.1<br />

2.2.2.1 Tiefgekühlt verarbeitete Fisch-<br />

Frozen processed fish/moulded<br />

/Formfischprodukte <strong>und</strong><br />

fish products and fish fingers........... 68<br />

Fischstäbchen ...................................... 68<br />

2.2.2.2 Canned fish/shellfish products......... 68 2.2.2.2 Dosenfisch-/Muschelprodukte............. 68<br />

2.2.2.3 Crustaceans ....................................... 69 2.2.2.3 Krustentiere ......................................... 69<br />

2.2.2.4 Molluscs ............................................. 69 2.2.2.4 Weichtiere ........................................... 69<br />

2.2.3 Fruit and vegetables.......................... 69 2.2.3 Obst <strong>und</strong> Gemüse ................................ 69<br />

2.2.3.1 Ready meals that predominantly 2.2.3.1 Fertiggerichte, die hauptsächlich<br />

contain fruit and vegetables ............. 70<br />

Obst <strong>und</strong> Gemüse enthalten................. 70<br />

2.2.3.2 Fruit juice .......................................... 71 2.2.3.2 Obstsaft................................................ 71<br />

2.2.3.3 Heat treated fruit .............................. 71 2.2.3.3 Wärmebehandeltes Obst...................... 71<br />

2.2.3.4 Frozen fruit........................................ 72 2.2.3.4 Tiefkühlobst......................................... 72<br />

2.2.3.5 Fruit preserves .................................. 72 2.2.3.5 Obstkonserven ..................................... 72<br />

2.2.3.6 Dried fruit.......................................... 73 2.2.3.6 Trockenobst......................................... 73<br />

2.2.3.7 Tomatoes............................................ 73 2.2.3.7 Tomaten............................................... 73<br />

2.2.3.8 Potatoes.............................................. 73 2.2.3.8 Kartoffeln ............................................ 73<br />

2.2.3.8.1 Potato chips........................................ 74 2.2.3.8.1 Kartoffelchips...................................... 74<br />

2.2.3.8.2 Potato crisps ...................................... 74 2.2.3.8.2 Kartoffelcrisps ..................................... 74<br />

2.2.3.9 Vegetable juice .................................. 74 2.2.3.9 Gemüsesaft .......................................... 74<br />

2.2.3.10 Heat treated and frozen<br />

2.2.3.10 Wärmebehandeltes <strong>und</strong> tiefgekühltes<br />

vegetables........................................... 75<br />

Gemüse................................................ 75<br />

2.2.3.11 Pickling of vegetables........................ 75 2.2.3.11 Eingelegtes Gemüse ............................ 75<br />

2.2.3.12 Vegetable drying ............................... 75 2.2.3.12 Trockengemüse.................................... 75<br />

2.2.4 Vegetable oils and fats ...................... 75 2.2.4 Pflanzliche Öle <strong>und</strong> Fette .................... 75<br />

2.2.4.1 Seed oil extraction ............................. 76 2.2.4.1 Ölsaatextraktion................................... 76<br />

2.2.4.2<br />

2.2.4.2 Raffinieren von Speiseölen <strong>und</strong><br />

Refining of edible oils and fats ......... 76<br />

-fetten................................................... 76<br />

2.2.4.3 Crystallisation of edible oils and 2.2.4.3 Kristallisieren von Speiseölen <strong>und</strong><br />

fats ...................................................... 78<br />

-fetten................................................... 78<br />

2.2.4.4 Further processing of edible oils 2.2.4.4 Weiterverarbeitung von Speiseölen<br />

and fats – margarine......................... 78<br />

<strong>und</strong> -fetten – Margarine ....................... 78<br />

2.2.4.5 Olive oil .............................................. 78 2.2.4.5 Olivenöl............................................... 78<br />

2.2.4.6 Olive-pomace oil................................ 79 2.2.4.6 Öl aus Oliventrester............................. 79<br />

2.2.5 Dairy products................................... 79 2.2.5 Molkereiprodukte ................................ 79<br />

2.2.5.1 Milk and cream ................................. 79 2.2.5.1 Milch <strong>und</strong> Rahm.................................. 79<br />

2.2.5.2 Condensed and pow<strong>der</strong>ed milk........ 82 2.2.5.2 Kondens- <strong>und</strong> Trockenmilch ............... 82<br />

2.2.5.3 Butter ................................................. 84 2.2.5.3 Butter................................................... 84<br />

2.2.5.4 Cheese ................................................ 85 2.2.5.4 Käse..................................................... 85<br />

2.2.5.5 Yoghurt .............................................. 87 2.2.5.5 Joghurt................................................. 87<br />

2.2.5.6 Ice-cream ........................................... 88 2.2.5.6 Speiseeis .............................................. 88<br />

2.2.5.7 Whey .................................................. 89 2.2.5.7 Molke................................................... 89<br />

2.2.6 Grain mill products........................... 89 2.2.6 Getreidemühlenprodukte ..................... 89<br />

2.2.7 Dry pasta............................................ 90 2.2.7 Trockene Nudelwaren.......................... 90<br />

2.2.8 Starch ................................................. 91 2.2.8 Stärke................................................... 91<br />

2.2.8.1 Maize starch ...................................... 92 2.2.8.1 Maisstärke ........................................... 92<br />

2.2.8.2 Wheat starch...................................... 93 2.2.8.2 Weizenstärke ....................................... 93<br />

2.2.8.3 Potato starch...................................... 94 2.2.8.3 Kartoffelstärke..................................... 94<br />

2.2.8.4 Sweeteners ......................................... 96 2.2.8.4 Süßstoffe.............................................. 96<br />

2.2.8.5 Modified (physical/chemical)<br />

2.2.8.5 Modifizierte (physikalisch/<br />

starch.................................................. 96<br />

chemisch) Stärke ................................. 96<br />

2.2.9 Animal feed........................................ 96 2.2.9 Tierfutter.............................................. 96<br />

2.2.9.1<br />

2.2.9.1 Tierfutter <strong>und</strong> trockenes<br />

Animal feed and dry petfood............ 96<br />

Haustierfutter....................................... 96<br />

2.2.9.2 Moist petfood..................................... 97 2.2.9.2 Feuchtes Haustierfutter........................ 97<br />

2.2.9.3 Semi-moist petfood............................ 97 2.2.9.3 Halbfeuchtes Haustierfutter................. 97<br />

2.2.10 Bread.................................................. 97 2.2.10 Brot...................................................... 97<br />

2.2.11 Confectionery .................................... 99 2.2.11 Konditoreiwaren.................................. 99<br />

2.2.11.1 Biscuits ............................................... 99 2.2.11.1 Kekse................................................... 99<br />

2.2.11.2 Cakes.................................................. 99 2.2.11.2 Kuchen................................................. 99<br />

2.2.11.3 Cocoa.................................................. 100 2.2.11.3 Kakao................................................... 100<br />

xxii Januar 2006 RHC/EIPPCB/FDM_BREF_FINAL

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