spektrum der augenheilkunde - 150 Jahre Augenklinik Graz

original articlecould avoid an additional surgical procedure beforeradiotherapy and the possible complications resultingfrom tumor biopsy before radiotherapy. Endoresectionhas become increasingly common after radiotherapy oflarge uveal melanomas [ 15 , 17 ]. During surgery, largetumor samples can be obtained without an additionalsurgical procedure and without jeopardizing visual outcome[ 24 ]. Third, post-radiation biopsy might help toavoid the hypothetical risk of spreading tumor cells intothe blood stream or seeding cells in the needle tract [ 25 ].There is no evidence supporting a hypothetical spreadingof melanoma cells into systemic circulation by tumorbiopsy, and a correlation between treatment modalityand the amount of circulating tumor cells could not beestablished [ 26 ]. On the other hand, most centers stilltry to avoid endoresection without previous irradiationof the tumor [ 15 , 27 ]. Similarly, seeding of tumor cells atthe sclerotomy site seems to be a rare event. However,a few cases of extraocular extension after biopsy havebeen reported recently [ 28 ]. Post-radiation biopsy mighthelp to further reduce the risk of spreading tumor cells,and thus increase the acceptance of prognostic genetictesting.Time after radiotherapy did not appear to be a limitingfactor for genetic analysis by array CGH in our caseseries. Even patients who had their melanoma treatedseveral years ago, when cytogenetic analysis was notroutinely performed, could perhaps be offered this prognostictest. Vital-appearing tumor cells have been foundin uveal melanomas years after brachytherapy, withoutclinical evidence of tumor recurrence [ 29 ]. As CGHis based on copy number variations, it is unlikely to bealtered after radiotherapy. Whether gene expression profiling—anothermethod for estimating prognosis in uvealmelanoma—is influenced by preceding radiotherapyremains to be established [ 30 , 31 ].In summary, post-radiation array CGH for geneticanalysis of uveal melanoma seems to be an attractiveoption to obtain important prognostic information if preradiationbiopsy was not performed or failed and geneticstatus is required.AcknowledgmentsWe thank Anna Obenauf, PhD, from Department ofHuman Genetics, Medical University Graz, for the supportin genetic analysis of the samples.Conflict of interestWerner Wackernagel, Lisa Tarmann, Christoph Mayer,Gerald Langmann, and Andreas Wedrich declare thatthey have no conflict of interest.References1. Singh AD, Topham A. Incidence of uveal melanomain the United States: 1973–1997. Ophthalmology.2003;110:956–61.2. Chang AE, Karnell LH, Menck HR. The National CancerData Base report on cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma.a summary of 84,836 cases from the past decade. 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Limited vitrectomywith intravitreal bevacizumab, rt-PA and gas for submacularhemorrhage due to age-related macular degeneration.Spektrum Der Augenheilkunde. 2012;26:197–201.290 Genetic analysis of uveal melanoma by array comparative genomic hybridization before and after radiotherapy 1 3