298 94 307/02 Untersuchungen zum Stand der Umsetzung des ...
298 94 307/02 Untersuchungen zum Stand der Umsetzung des ... 298 94 307/02 Untersuchungen zum Stand der Umsetzung des ...
Service of capital Teil 3 Seite 10-7 €/t raw material €/t raw material (Plant and component) - 23,5 - 82 Capital equipment - 6,5 - 11 Maintenance - 6,5 - 22,5 Ash/Remnant disposal - 4,5 - 9 Operating personnel [?] - 6 - 30 Electricity credit [?](0,03 €/kWh) 6,5 33 Total - 40,5 - 243 Driving force for implementation Example plants Energetic utilisation of animal meal in the circulation fluidisation bed plant at the Lip- pewerk, Lünen. There is currently a temporary authorisation in place to utilise animal meal instead of the authorised regulation fuels in the existing fluidisation bed oven, so that, theoretically, the entire plant could be operated with 100% animal meal. Since December, the consistently utilised proportion of animal meal has been increased to 60 – 70% of the incineration heat output (FWL) during stable operation. During February and March, 100% of the FWL was generated through animal meal for a limited period. The possibly remaining % of FWL are largely attained through authorised secondary fuels and in individual instances with a minimal component of coal. The incineration of the utilised materials in the circulation fluidisation bed is carried out at a minimum temperature of > 850 degrees C in a closed system. Dependent on an inten- sive circulation of the ash cycle and a gas dwell time within the overall incineration system of approx. 4 sec, a good gas-solid matter reaction is attained, bringing about efficient en- ergy exploitation and minimal emissions of harmful substances. The measuring section for testing the prescribed minimum dwell time of 2 sec and the temperature stipulations within the framework of direct monitoring is located between the two return cyclone separators between the oven head and the inlet to the boiler (the illustration only schematically indi- cating a cyclone). The principle of a circulation fluidisation bed lead all ash particles quan- titatively to be subjected to minimum heating of 850 °C. The hot, solid matter carrying flute gases reach the waste heat vapour boiler after pass- ing through the return cyclone separator in a pre-purified state for vapour creation, and from there are directed to flue gas purification once cooled. The de-nitrification of the flue gases through the SNCR-plant is carried out through the injection of urea into the flue gas stream between the return cyclone and the waste heat boiler at a temperature of > 850 °C. The exhaust air measurements of the trial phase with animal meal incineration are illus- trated in the following table.
Teil 3 Seite 10-8 Table 10-1: Exhaust air measurements during the trial phase of animal meal incineration - Measurement component Measurement values Lippewerk Limits mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³ Average annual value Average daily value Average half-hour value total dust 0,34 10 30 organic matter, indicated as total carbon gaseous an-organic chlo- ride compounds, indicated as hydrogen chloride sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide, indicated as sulphur dioxide nitrogen dioxide and nitro- gen trioxide, indicated as nitrogen dioxide 0,032 10 20 2,83 10 60 24,22 50 200 120,13 200 400 carbon monoxide 17,95 130 130 mercury and its com- pounds, indicated as HG 0,0004 0,03 0,05 average deter- mined through relevant sampling On the basis of existing operational experience, the circulation fluidisation bed in Lünen has technically been proven to be capable of accounting for 100% of FWL through animal meal. Therefore, operation as a mono-fuel plant is feasible. It is particularly pleasing to note that the utilisation of animal meal improves the incineration behaviour of the plant and brings about an improved situation regarding emissions. The resulting ash exhibits particularly favourable incineration characteristics. Proteins are no longer evident in it, and one may deduce from this that prions are also destroyed through the circulation fluidisa- tion bed process. The experience gained at Lippewerk should be transferable to circulation fluidisation bed technology in general. The pilot fluidisation bed plant of ThyssenKrupp EnCoke: This plant primarily consists of a fluidisation bed oven, a subsequent cyclone for dust separation, switching capability for the pre-heating of incineration air, a flue gas cooler, a fibrous filter and a flue gas purifier. The pilot plant is controlled from a control centre,
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- Seite 377 und 378: Teil 4: Zusammenstellung der durch
Teil 3 Seite 10-8<br />
Table 10-1: Exhaust air measurements during the trial phase of animal meal incineration -<br />
Measurement component<br />
Measurement<br />
values<br />
Lippewerk<br />
Limits<br />
mg/m³ mg/m³ mg/m³<br />
Average annual<br />
value<br />
Average daily<br />
value<br />
Average half-hour<br />
value<br />
total dust 0,34 10 30<br />
organic matter, indicated as<br />
total carbon<br />
gaseous an-organic chlo-<br />
ride compounds, indicated as<br />
hydrogen chloride<br />
sulphur dioxide and sulphur<br />
trioxide, indicated as sulphur<br />
dioxide<br />
nitrogen dioxide and nitro-<br />
gen trioxide, indicated as<br />
nitrogen dioxide<br />
0,032 10 20<br />
2,83 10 60<br />
24,22 50 200<br />
120,13 200 400<br />
carbon monoxide 17,95 130 130<br />
mercury and its com-<br />
pounds, indicated as HG<br />
0,0004 0,03 0,05 average deter-<br />
mined through relevant<br />
sampling<br />
On the basis of existing operational experience, the circulation fluidisation bed in Lünen<br />
has technically been proven to be capable of accounting for 100% of FWL through animal<br />
meal. Therefore, operation as a mono-fuel plant is feasible. It is particularly pleasing to<br />
note that the utilisation of animal meal improves the incineration behaviour of the plant<br />
and brings about an improved situation regarding emissions. The resulting ash exhibits<br />
particularly favourable incineration characteristics. Proteins are no longer evident in it, and<br />
one may deduce from this that prions are also <strong>des</strong>troyed through the circulation fluidisa-<br />
tion bed process.<br />
The experience gained at Lippewerk should be transferable to circulation fluidisation bed<br />
technology in general.<br />
The pilot fluidisation bed plant of ThyssenKrupp EnCoke:<br />
This plant primarily consists of a fluidisation bed oven, a subsequent cyclone for dust<br />
separation, switching capability for the pre-heating of incineration air, a flue gas cooler, a<br />
fibrous filter and a flue gas purifier. The pilot plant is controlled from a control centre,
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