298 94 307/02 Untersuchungen zum Stand der Umsetzung des ...
298 94 307/02 Untersuchungen zum Stand der Umsetzung des ... 298 94 307/02 Untersuchungen zum Stand der Umsetzung des ...
Teil 3 Seite 3-1 3 CURRENT CONSUMPTION AND EMISSION LEVELS IN SLAUGHTERHOUSES 3.1 Slaughterhouses 3.1.1 Slaughterhouses - overall consumption and emission data at installa- tion level 3.1.1.1 Air In slaughterhouses, no significant amounts of dust or gaseous emissions are emitted into the air. 3.1.1.2 Water In regard to process technology and hygiene, water plays a major role for slaughtering and for the preparing and processing of the meat. Almost the entire production process, beginning from the place where the slaughtering animals are delivered up to the storage and cooling rooms, leads to the production of wastewater. Because of the processes, wastewater is often produced discontinuously, for instance when the scalding cauldrons or other large containers are emptied. Particular wastewater loads can be expected from cleaning and disinfection agents. Moreover, wastewater is produced on the company site (court wastewater, wastewater from lorry cleaning) and as domestic wastewater in the sanitary and community areas (lavatories, washing houses, canteen), and possibly also in the neighbouring by-product areas. On top of these, there are un-polluted cooling wa- ters and the discharges from the process water processing. In connection with the slaughtering process and the meat processing, the following pro- duction stages are particularly wastewater intensive: - Unloading, keeping in sheds, and cleaning of the animals - Bleeding of the animals - Hide removal, scalding, hair removal or plucking of the carcasses, removal and clean- ing of intestines, particularly the emptying, cleaning and processing of bowels, ru- mens, and stomachs (removal of fat, de-sliming of the bowels, etc.) - Washing off of poultry intestines - Splitting of the carcasses, as well as cutting off the heads, throats, legs and other parts of the body
- Rinsing of the carcasses and carcass parts - Coarse and fine cutting of the slaughtering goods - Cooling and storing of the slaughtering goods Teil 3 Seite 3-2 - Disinfection and cleaning of the work places, tools, sheds, and lorries, as well as of the poultry transport containers. The following table presents a survey over the specific amounts and pollutant loads of raw wastewater from slaughterhouses. Table 3-1: Specific wastewater amounts and pollutant loads in slaughterhouses and meat Slaughtering Cattle Pigs - with bowels de-sliming - without bowels de-sliming Turkeys Hens Chicken Processing Pigs (12 - 40 % carving goods) processing companies (from the Office for Water Analysis in Lower Saxony at Examination days 3 7 19 4 6 16 12 spec. waste water amount l/T 400- 700 100- (250) 58- 254 60- 210 7-58 9-30 420- 1.520 Hildesheim) Specific pollutant loads Settable solids BOD5 l/T 2-(12) 1-18 0,2- 1,9 0,4- 0,8 0,04- (0,5) 0,02- 0,2 1-6 g DS/T 60- 360 30-80 8-65 8-25 - 0,02- 14 - without sediment g/T 1.400- 2.200 240-750 60-366 22-52 19-40 6,2-18,4 450-610 ( ) Incremented values in brackets; T = Reference unit = 1 animal. with sediment g/T 1.600- (2.450) 260-850 70-(430) 30-60 without sediment g/T 1.860- 3.480 340- (1.080) 80-430 - 23-47 (10)-21 - - 6-(20) 410-850 COD with Sediment g/T The following table shows the amount and composition of the liquid residues produced in slaughterhouses. - - - - - 9-30 -
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Teil 3 Seite 3-1<br />
3 CURRENT CONSUMPTION AND EMISSION LEVELS IN<br />
SLAUGHTERHOUSES<br />
3.1 Slaughterhouses<br />
3.1.1 Slaughterhouses - overall consumption and emission data at installa-<br />
tion level<br />
3.1.1.1 Air<br />
In slaughterhouses, no significant amounts of dust or gaseous emissions are emitted<br />
into the air.<br />
3.1.1.2 Water<br />
In regard to process technology and hygiene, water plays a major role for slaughtering<br />
and for the preparing and processing of the meat. Almost the entire production process,<br />
beginning from the place where the slaughtering animals are delivered up to the storage<br />
and cooling rooms, leads to the production of wastewater. Because of the processes,<br />
wastewater is often produced discontinuously, for instance when the scalding cauldrons or<br />
other large containers are emptied. Particular wastewater loads can be expected from<br />
cleaning and disinfection agents. Moreover, wastewater is produced on the company site<br />
(court wastewater, wastewater from lorry cleaning) and as domestic wastewater in the<br />
sanitary and community areas (lavatories, washing houses, canteen), and possibly also<br />
in the neighbouring by-product areas. On top of these, there are un-polluted cooling wa-<br />
ters and the discharges from the process water processing.<br />
In connection with the slaughtering process and the meat processing, the following pro-<br />
duction stages are particularly wastewater intensive:<br />
- Unloading, keeping in sheds, and cleaning of the animals<br />
- Bleeding of the animals<br />
- Hide removal, scalding, hair removal or plucking of the carcasses, removal and clean-<br />
ing of intestines, particularly the emptying, cleaning and processing of bowels, ru-<br />
mens, and stomachs (removal of fat, de-sliming of the bowels, etc.)<br />
- Washing off of poultry intestines<br />
- Splitting of the carcasses, as well as cutting off the heads, throats, legs and other<br />
parts of the body