298 94 307/02 Untersuchungen zum Stand der Umsetzung des ...

Teil 3 Seite IV
4.1.2 Slaughter ..................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.3 Bleeding....................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.4 Hide removal from cattle and sheep............................................................................ 4-2
4.1.5 Head and hoof removal ............................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.6 Pig scalding ................................................................................................................. 4-2
4.1.6.1 Condensation scalding tunnel .......................................................................................... 4-2
4.1.7 Pig hair and toe-nail removal....................................................................................... 4-5
4.1.8 Pig singeing ................................................................................................................. 4-5
4.1.9 Evisceration ................................................................................................................. 4-6
4.1.10 Splitting.................................................................................................................... 4-6
4.1.11 Chilling - (but most refrigeration techniques may be covered in the F & M BREF) 4-6
4.1.11.1 Binary Ice as Cooling Fluid (Secondary Refrigerant)........................................................ 4 -6
4.1.11.2 Shock tunnel cooling ...................................................................................................... 4 -14
4.1.11.3 Water-spraying as cooling method ................................................................................. 4-15
4.2 SLAUGHTER OF POULTRY ..................................................................................................... 4-17
4.2.1 Delivery of birds......................................................................................................... 4-17
4.2.2 Stunning and bleeding............................................................................................... 4-17
4.2.3 Scalding..................................................................................................................... 4 -17
4.2.4 Plucking ..................................................................................................................... 4 -17
4.2.5 Evisceration ............................................................................................................... 4 -18
4.2.6 Chilling....................................................................................................................... 4-18
4.3 SLAUGHTERHOUSE CLEANING............................................................................................... 4-18
4.4 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF SLAUGHTERHOUSE BY-PRODUCTS.............................................. 4-19
4.4.1 Blood ......................................................................................................................... 4 -19
4.4.2 Fats............................................................................................................................ 4 -19
4.4.2.1 Fat sluge collector (AT3535005) .................................................................................... 4-19
4.4.3 Rumen contents ........................................................................................................ 4-20
4.4.4 Stomach and bowel contents .................................................................................... 4-20
4.4.5 Waste from the sheds................................................................................................ 4-21
4.4.6 Slaughter waste, slaughtering by-products, unfit meat, and metal parts .................. 4-21
4.4.7 Waste from poultry slaughtering................................................................................ 4-21
4.5 SLAUGHTERHOUSE WASTE WATER TREATMENT ..................................................................... 4-21
4.5.1 Mechanical treatment ................................................................................................ 4-22
4.5.1.1 Sieve implements and rakes .......................................................................................... 4-22
4.5.1.2 Equalisation plants ......................................................................................................... 4-22
4.5.1.3 Equalisation (AT3535005).............................................................................................. 4-22
4.5.1.4 Mechanical Treatment of the wastewater before equalisation (AT3535005).................. 4-23
4.5.1.5 Screen (gap of 10 to 20 mm) (AT3535005)................................................................... 4-23
4.5.2 Chemical/physical treatment ..................................................................................... 4 -25
4.5.2.1 Ammoniacal-N removal from rendering condensate by ammonia conversion................ 4-26
4.5.2.2 Fat separator .................................................................................................................. 4 -28
4.5.2.3 Use of fat separators (AT3535005) ................................................................................ 4-28
4.5.2.4 Floatation-plants............................................................................................................. 4 -29
4.5.2.5 Flotation (AT3535005).................................................................................................... 4-30
4.5.2.6 Chemical and physical techniques (AT3535005) ........................................................... 4
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