Saudi-Arabien Wirtschaftshandbuch Saudi Arabia Business ... - Ghorfa

im Bergbau sowie zur Steigerung seines Produktions-
und Exportvolumens beitragen. Im 8. Entwicklungsplan
(2005-2009) ist deshalb die Wachstumsrate der
Bergbauproduktion mit 7,9% pro Jahr beziffert. Trotz
seines noch unbedeutenden Anteils an der Erzeugung
des Bruttoinlandprodukts wird sich der Sektor der mineralischen
Bodenschätze zu einem wichtigen Bereich
mit großem Zukunftspotenzial für die Diversifizierung
der wirtschaftlichen Basis des Landes entwickeln.
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
mInInG
In addition to crude oil and natural gas, Saudi Arabia
also has rich reserves of mineral resources. Work has been
undertaken in recent years to explore and tap these resources.
Gold, silver, copper, zinc, iron ore, bauxite, mangnesite
and phosphate are intensively mined today. The
Agency of Petroleum and Mineral Resources responsible
for the mineral resources supervises and develops the mining
work by means of promoting investment, providing
consulting services and concessions and/or licences.
The Saudi Arabian Mining Company (Ma’aden), which
has since been privatised, was founded to fully exploit the
mineral resources. Also, this company has the task of mobilising
more private capital from home and abroad to
expand the mining operations.
enTWicklunG WichTiGer SekTOren unD POTenziAle – – develoPment of ImPortAnt SectorS And exIStInG PotentIAlS
It was also discovered that there was commercial potential
in mining reserves of almost 50 different precious metals,
base metals and industrial minerals. There are four mines
(Mahd Al-Dhahab, Al-Sukhayeibrat, Al-Hajjar and
Balghah) that mine gold and silver; in the record year
of 2003, they mined 8,769kg of gold and 17,402kg of
silver. Copper, zinc and lead are by-products of the gold
mining procedure. The production of iron ore currently
totals approx. 80,000 t every year. Another important
sector is the mining of minerals for use in the building
materials industry. For example, there are over eight
different companies mining lime, clay and sand that are
used in the production of cement and bricks. Marble,
granite and dolomite are mined for the production of ornamental
stones.
Until now, the mining field has been dominated by the
company Ma’aden. Recently however a number of private
domestic and foreign companies have been issued
with concession rights. The planned enactment of the
new Mining Investment Code aims to strengthen the
role of the private sector in the mining industry and to
help increase its production and export volume. Therefore
the 8th development plan (2005-2009) sets the
growth rate of the mining production at 7.9% per year.
Although its contribution to the gross domestic product
is still minimal, the mineral resource mining sector will
develop into an important area with a lot of future potential
for the diversification of the economic base of the
country.
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
zenTren Der VerArBeiTenDen
inDuSTrie unD STäDTeenTWicklunG
1975 wurde der Masterplan ausgearbeitet, etwa 22.000
ha Wüstenland in die Mega-industriestädte Jubail und
Yanbuc zu verwandeln. Die Vision von König Faisal bestand
darin, durch die Entwicklung der Seehäfen dieser
Industriestandorte strategische Verbindungen zu den
Schifffahrtsrouten des Arabischen Golfs und des Roten
Meeres als Grundvoraussetzungen für die langfristige
Integration Saudi-Arabiens in die Weltwirtschaft zu
schaffen. Bis heute nehmen die Industriestädte Yanbu
und Jubail eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Entwicklung der
erdöl- und erdgasverarbeitenden Industrie, anderer energieintensiver
Bereiche sowie der verarbeitenden Industrie,
für die vor allem die staatlichen Gesellschaften
Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) und
ARAMCO verantwortlich waren, ein.
49