Saudi-Arabien Wirtschaftshandbuch Saudi Arabia Business ... - Ghorfa

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More than 100 public companies are currently registered
and traded on the Tadawul. This number has grown constantly
in recent years, in particular because large Saudi
trading companies have recognised that the public company
organisation and the at least partial trade with
shares of a company of this kind offers benefits and raises
competitiveness. For this reason, the trend of converting
to public companies looks set to continue.
how to found a company – an example
The following steps need to be taken to form a limited
company for industrial production:
– Concept
– Selection of a suitable partner
– Checking the availability of an infrastructure
– Market study (for internal use only)
– Economic analysis (for internal use and for
applying for a SIDF loan and loans from
commercial banks)
– Initial review of the existence of land available
for leasing or purchase
– Shareholder agreement
– Technical study for the production plant
– Submission of the licence application to the SAGIA
– Initial contact with the SIDF
– Receipt of the investment licence
– Drafting of the articles of association
– Application for registration of the company at the
Ministry of Trade and Industry
– Receipt of the notarized copy of the articles of
association
– Publishing of a summary of the articles of association
in the Saudi official gazette
– Membership of the responsible Chambers of Industry
and Commerce
– Opening a bank account
– Paying the registered capitals into the bank account
– Receipt of the excerpt of the commercial register
– Registration with the custom authorities,
passport office, labour office and the
tax office (DZIT)
– Transfer of the real estate
– Loan agreement with the SIDF
– Completion of the agreements for the construction
of a factory
– Planning permission
– Construction work
– Import of machines, installation and
commissioning
– Start of production.
other company and subsidiary forms
The Saudi Companies Law not only recognises the
above-mentioned limited company and public company
but also other company forms that are hardly relevant for
the foreign investor. They are mentioned here for reasons
of completeness:
– General partnership
– Limited partnership
– Silent partnership
– Partnership limited by shares
When issuing licences by the SAGIA, only the limited
company as defined by Saudi law is used regularly to licence
foreign investments. The public company is reserved
for Saudi-Arabian citizens and citizens of the GCC members
states. The other presence forms of the Companies
Law are only permitted for domestic companies.
Finally, there is also the “Establishment”, which is a company
form widely used by single businessman. However
this is primarily only used by Saudi small to mediumsized
companies.
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hAnDelSVerTreTerrechT
Das saudische Handelsvertretergesetz (HVG) und seine
Ausführungsbestimmungen (HVG-AB) unterscheiden
zwischen dem Handelsvertreter (Commercial Agent)
und dem Vertragshändler (Distributor). Diese Unterscheidung
gründet auf der Arbeitsweise, wird also inhaltlich
gemacht, führt aber – im Unterschied zu deutschem
Recht – nicht zu rechtlichen Konsequenzen.
Rechtlich sind beide gleichgestellt.
handelsvertreter / Vertragshändler
Der Handelsvertreter (Commercial Agent) vermittelt
gegen Zahlung einer Kommission den Abschluss von
Geschäften zwischen dem ausländischen Produzenten
und dem lokalen Kunden. Der Vertragshändler oder
Eigenhändler (Distributor) handelt als unabhängiger
Händler auf eigene Rechnung und eigenes Risiko. Er
kauft also die Produkte vom Produzenten und verkauft
diese in eigenem Namen und auf eigene Rechnung weiter
in den Markt. Art. 1 HVG-AB enthält diese Unterscheidung,
definiert jedoch nicht den Unterschied, sondern
nimmt die Unterscheidbarkeit als gegeben hin.