Haus und Freizeit - bfu
Haus und Freizeit - bfu
Haus und Freizeit - bfu
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4.4.5 «Burns and scalds» (excl. chemical<br />
burns) accident segment<br />
Table 10<br />
Prevention options recommended for accidents for the «Burns<br />
and scalding” accident segment excluding chemical burns<br />
Risk factor Prevention options Burn Scald<br />
Children and adolescents<br />
Victim’s lack of or<br />
limited awareness of<br />
danger<br />
Supervisor’s low<br />
awareness of danger<br />
Fun experimenting/urge<br />
to explore/research<br />
Hot meals and<br />
beverages, other hot<br />
objects<br />
Bathing (water<br />
temperature)<br />
Storage of inflammable<br />
substances inside<br />
the house<br />
Fuels, matches or<br />
cigarette lighters<br />
accessible to children<br />
Smoking<br />
Lack of or faulty<br />
smoke detectors<br />
Hot tap water<br />
Fireworks<br />
Age-dependent awareness<br />
raising of awareness of<br />
danger<br />
Supervisor must accept agedependent<br />
responsibility for<br />
prevention<br />
Raising supervisor’s awareness<br />
for a marked awareness<br />
of danger<br />
Interface with awareness of<br />
danger<br />
Set boiler to 60 °C – x<br />
Only put the child in the tub<br />
when the temperature (ideally:<br />
36–37°C) has been tested using<br />
a thermometer or the elbow<br />
Installation of thermostatic<br />
mixer taps<br />
Storage in a place inaccessible<br />
to children<br />
Storage in a place inaccessible<br />
to children<br />
All age segments<br />
Development and standardisation<br />
of safe (i.e. «selfextinguishing”)<br />
cigarettes<br />
Development and standardisation<br />
of childproof cigarette<br />
lighters<br />
Store smoking products/matches/cigarette<br />
lighters<br />
safe from children<br />
Pass laws on smoke detectors<br />
(statutory requirement for<br />
smoke detectors)<br />
Set the boiler to a water<br />
temperature of 60 °C (the<br />
water temperature should be<br />
correspondingly lower at the<br />
actual tap)<br />
Manufacture and sale of<br />
fireworks to be prohibited<br />
x<br />
x<br />
x<br />
x<br />
x<br />
x<br />
x<br />
x<br />
– x<br />
– x<br />
x –<br />
x –<br />
x –<br />
x<br />
x –<br />
x –<br />
– x<br />
x –<br />
In the strict sense, the (original) accident segment<br />
«Burns and chemical burns» involves two different<br />
injury patterns. Although chemical burns are classified<br />
<strong>und</strong>er burn injuries, comments on them are<br />
almost solely in connection with the «Poisoning»<br />
accident segment. Risk factors and prevention<br />
options on chemical burns in this report are thus<br />
described in the «poisoning» accident segment<br />
(chap. II.4.4.6, p. 81). From a preventive aspect, it<br />
also makes sense to distinguish between burning<br />
and scalding injury patterns (Table 10). The<br />
children and adolescents age group is identified as<br />
a risk group here. To prevent burns, interventions<br />
for boosting an awareness of danger and safely<br />
storing inflammable substances are recommended.<br />
Installing smoke detectors is also a recommended<br />
preventive option. For scalds, the focus is on prevention<br />
options for controlling the water temperature.<br />
4.4.6 «Poisoning <strong>und</strong> chemical burns»<br />
accident segment<br />
Poisoning is defined as the effect of chemical, animal,<br />
plant, bacterial, or other substances on the<br />
body that is deleterious to the health. In this report,<br />
smoke inhalation (according to the LAA data<br />
structure) is not allocated to the «Poisoning» accident<br />
segment, but to the «Burns/chemical burns»<br />
accident segment. The same is true for poisoning<br />
by animals, which are in taken into account in the<br />
«Animals» accident segment. Due to existing synergies<br />
for preventing chemical burns and poisoning,<br />
risk factors and prevention options are assigned<br />
to the «Poisoning» accident segment. In the<br />
case of poisoning, children and adolescents are the<br />
<strong>bfu</strong>-Sicherheitsdossier Nr. 09 Kurzfassung / Version abrégée / Riassunto / Condensed Version 81