Nicola Arndt und Matthias Pohl - Neobiota
Nicola Arndt und Matthias Pohl - Neobiota Nicola Arndt und Matthias Pohl - Neobiota
Map 5: Landscape map of Europe by MEEUS (1993). The landscape units are characterised by climatic aspects and by potential natural vegetation, leaving concrete landscape types unidentified. Each landscape unit is described by a code system based on its natural and anthropogenic characteristics, specifically on the type of natural landscape zone, topogra- phy (‘orographic class’), degree of transformation due to human impact, trends and current land use. 4.2 Overlay with the landscape map from the Dobríš report MEEUS’s typology and map (1993) at a scale of 1:25 million comprise 30 major landscape types that are described and compared on the basis of geology, climate, land form, soil, land use, hydrology, settlement patterns, dynamics and scenery. Landscape types have been grouped according to common characteristics regarding the geomorphological and cultural aspects. The first group consists of ‘zonal’ landscapes such as tundras, taigas and uplands along a north-south gradient. Zonal landscapes are 96
Map 6: Map overlay European Natural Vegetation (BOHN et al. 2000) with the Map of European Landscapes (MEEUS 1993) = red lines – excerpt. closely linked to climate, base geology, altitude and vegetation. A second group covers the range of land use aspects from the Atlantic coast to the centre of the continent, as a transition from hedgerow landscape (‘bocage’) to openfields in various degrees and expansions. A third group includes the arid landscapes of Russian steppes and deserts. In addition to these broad groups, the typology addresses so-called ‘artificial landscapes’ such as polders (resulting from land reclamation), huertas and some deltas as well as the following cultural landscapes: Dutch/Belgium ‘kampen’, Polish ‘strip fields’, Spanish ‘dehesas’, Portuguese ‘montados’ and Italian ‘coltura promiscua’. The delineation of the different landscape types is based on literature survey, field studies, national landscape inventories and simplification of previous studies. Information on vegetation, soils and geomorphology is derived from a map of potential natural vegetation (BOHN 1995; BOHN et al. 2000), a map of landscapes by LEBEAU (1969), NOIRFALISE (1989), and soil maps by FAO and CEC; specific information on forested, Nordic areas is based on works by BERNES (1993) and PISARENKO (1993) for 97
- Seite 47 und 48: Abb. 2: Analogie Kugelbeispiel / Ra
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- Seite 51 und 52: Abb. 5: Karte der landschaftsökolo
- Seite 53 und 54: Die Analyse der geostatistischen Re
- Seite 55 und 56: DINTER, W. (1999): Naturräumliche
- Seite 57 und 58: Application and Analysis of the Map
- Seite 59 und 60: 2 FAO Requirements Many environment
- Seite 61 und 62: In practical terms, delineation of
- Seite 63 und 64: 3.3 FAO Global Ecological Zone clas
- Seite 65 und 66: Table 2: LUT for Europe, showing th
- Seite 67 und 68: forests (F), 7 subgroups (F1- F7) h
- Seite 69 und 70: Figure 2: Map of Global Ecological
- Seite 71: Annex Table 4: Source maps used for
- Seite 74 und 75: DMEER-Projekt (Digitale Karte der
- Seite 76 und 77: Figure 1: The ecoregions are catego
- Seite 78 und 79: An example of the relationship betw
- Seite 80 und 81: DASMANN, R.F. (1973): A system for
- Seite 82 und 83: THACKWAY, R. & CRESSWELL, I.D. (eds
- Seite 84 und 85: 1 Background 1.1 Increasing interes
- Seite 86 und 87: While regional and national activit
- Seite 88 und 89: forest systems are supposed to reac
- Seite 90 und 91: According to SCHLÜTER (1991), hete
- Seite 92 und 93: derived from an analysis of soils a
- Seite 94 und 95: Map 1: Landscape Character Areas of
- Seite 96 und 97: in terms of successions and replace
- Seite 100 und 101: Russia. Information on rural land u
- Seite 102 und 103: 100 Map 7: European Landscape Typol
- Seite 104 und 105: G.3.1/37 F.1.1/7 & F 1 2/15 F.1.1/8
- Seite 106 und 107: Map 10: Comparison of the vegetatio
- Seite 108 und 109: 106 Map 11: Landscape Typology and
- Seite 110 und 111: � Natural vegetation data will al
- Seite 112 und 113: LUC (1999): Glasgow and the Clyde V
- Seite 115 und 116: Application and Analysis of the Map
- Seite 117 und 118: characterized by zonal vegetation i
- Seite 119 und 120: Table 1: FAO Global Ecological Zoni
- Seite 121 und 122: The name of each type includes the
- Seite 123: References LAVRENKO E.M. (1964): Al
- Seite 126 und 127: 1 Introduction A dominant feature i
- Seite 128 und 129: 10° 65° 70° SBZ 75° MBZ 42 20°
- Seite 130 und 131: As shown in Table 2 there is a good
- Seite 132 und 133: What is interesting is that the tem
- Seite 134 und 135: the driest (like Ulmus and Corylus
- Seite 137: Gliederung und Inhalte einzelner Fo
- Seite 140 und 141: 1 Gliederung der borealen Wälder D
- Seite 142 und 143: Die Assoziation Empetro nigri-Pinet
- Seite 144 und 145: WOJTERSKI, T. (1964): Bory sosnowe
- Seite 146 und 147: Attempts to characterize and delimi
Map 5: Landscape map of Europe by MEEUS (1993).<br />
The landscape units are characterised by climatic aspects and by potential natural vegetation, leaving<br />
concrete landscape types unidentified. Each landscape unit is described by a code system based on its<br />
natural and anthropogenic characteristics, specifically on the type of natural landscape zone, topogra-<br />
phy (‘orographic class’), degree of transformation due to human impact, trends and current land use.<br />
4.2 Overlay with the landscape map from the Dobríš report<br />
MEEUS’s typology and map (1993) at a scale of 1:25 million comprise 30 major landscape types that<br />
are described and compared on the basis of geology, climate, land form, soil, land use, hydrology,<br />
settlement patterns, dynamics and scenery. Landscape types have been grouped according to common<br />
characteristics regarding the geomorphological and cultural aspects. The first group consists of ‘zonal’<br />
landscapes such as t<strong>und</strong>ras, taigas and uplands along a north-south gradient. Zonal landscapes are<br />
96
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