Nicola Arndt und Matthias Pohl - Neobiota
Nicola Arndt und Matthias Pohl - Neobiota Nicola Arndt und Matthias Pohl - Neobiota
Each region was characterised by a special combination of parameters or landscape components. Considering inventory data from a chosen area (Figure 3: P), the components found there can be compared with the characteristic components of the region where the area is situated (Figure 3: 1). In the same way the components of the chosen area can be compared with the components of other areas (Figure 3: 3 and 4) and also with those of neighbouring regions (Figure 3: 2). Figure 3: Evaluation of the representativity of the landscape components in a planning area using physiographical regions. Examples of different ways (1-4) to relate the landscape components in the planning area. This makes it possible to analyse the appearance of components within an area with respect to representative natural features (components of the area/components of the region) together with frequency and pattern (diversity, rarity). Repeating this analysis at different points in time provides a picture of changes in the environment and can be useful for monitoring changes in landscape components. The next step in the improvement of the evaluation method was to stress the importance of vegetation and vegetation types and to obtain more or less complete lists of the vegetation types within the regions. In this way, it was also possible to use the physiographic map as a flexible biogeographic map. Knowledge of vegetation types is not only useful for identifying the habitats of plant and animal species, but is also useful for inferring abiotic factors such as climate and soil conditions. Vegetation 208
types, in conjunction with ecological studies, can be used both to analyse the functions of ecosystems separately or together as a landscape ecosystem. A compilation of the knowledge on Nordic vegetation was made and published in the report “Vegetation types of the Nordic countries” (PÅHLSSON 1998). Each unit was briefly described under the headings area, physiognomy, soil conditions, climate, characteristic species, number of species, stability, land use-management and references. The name of the unit was given in Latin but also in the Nordic languages and English. This material was later adapted for electronic database format. In 1999, the database “European Vegetation Types, The Nordic Countries” was published on CD-ROM and in 2000 on the Internet (PÅHLSSON 2000). This database has been instrumental in the classification of inventory data and also as a tool for rapid analysis of Nordic vegetation types and their relationship to different factors and (physiographic) regions. Table 1: Comparison of map , vegetation and habitat units by codes of different European systems: Map of the Natural Vegetation of Europe (MNVE); Vegetation types of the Nordic Countries (VTN); EU-Systems (PAL. HAB. – EUNIS – NATURA 2000) Application to Sweden MNVE VTN Pal. Hab. EUNIS Natura 2000 High mountains - nival/high alpine A 4 1331 36.12 E 4.12 --- - middle alpine heath B 41 1115 36.323 E 4.32 6150 - low alpine heath B 42 1112 31.45 F 2.25 4060 Montane birch forests 1132 31.49 F 2.29 4060 - moist/rich C 9 2214 41.B726 G1.917 9040 2212a 41.B722 G1.917 9040 - dry/intermediate C 10 2212 41.B722 G1.917 9040 2213 41.B725 G1.917 9040 - poor Western boreal spruce/pine forests C 11 2211 41.B721 G1.917 9040 - northern boreal D 1 (spruce) 2121 42.C1 G3.A1 9010 2126 42.C4 G3.A4 9010 2123 44.A4 G3.D5 91D0 D 42 (pine) 2111 42.C8 G3.B4 9010 2112a 42.C5 G3.B1 - middle boreal D 4 2121 42.C1 G3.A1 9010 D 45 (pine) 2111 42.C8 G3.B4 9010 2112 42.C5 G3.B1 9010 D 46 (pine) 2113 44.A25 G3.D1 91D0 - southern boreal D 8 2124 42.C3 G3.A3 9010,9050 - hemiboreal D 15 2124 42.C3 G3.A3 9010,9050 D 16 2113 44.A25 G3.D1 91D0 2115 42.C7 G3.B3 9010 D 17 2121 42.C1 G3.A1 9010 D 53 (pine) 2116 42.C7 G3.B3 9010 Northwest European coastal heaths D 54 (pine) 2114 42.C6 G3.B2 9010 E 8 5115 31.21 F4.21 4030 5121 31.11 F4.11 4010 5132 35.12 E1.72 4030 Mesophytic decidous broad-leaved forests F 8 2231 41.51 G1.81/82 9190 F 10 2232 41.24 G1.A14 9160 F 37 2224 41.A1 G1.A31 9170 209
- Seite 159 und 160: 4 Steppes on the Vegetation Map of
- Seite 161 und 162: In the southern subzone and to a le
- Seite 163: SOCHAVA, V.B. (1979): Vegetation co
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- Seite 175 und 176: In weiten Teilen von West-, Südwes
- Seite 177 und 178: IUCN (1994b): Parke für das Leben.
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- Seite 187 und 188: Tabelle 1: Vegetationsmosaik vegeta
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- Seite 191 und 192: V.2c V.3 V.3a V.3b V.3c V.3d V.4 V.
- Seite 193 und 194: 3 balc mac-thrac eux w-eux s-eux cr
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- Seite 205 und 206: BOHN, U.; NEUHÄUSL, R., unter Mita
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- Seite 213 und 214: The inclusion of Nordic vegetation
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- Seite 227: NEUHÄUSLOVÁ, Z. (1997): Fytocenol
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- Seite 241 und 242: Abb. 1: Hochlagen über 1900 m NN (
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types, in conjunction with ecological studies, can be used both to analyse the functions of ecosystems<br />
separately or together as a landscape ecosystem.<br />
A compilation of the knowledge on Nordic vegetation was made and published in the report<br />
“Vegetation types of the Nordic countries” (PÅHLSSON 1998). Each unit was briefly described <strong>und</strong>er<br />
the headings area, physiognomy, soil conditions, climate, characteristic species, number of species,<br />
stability, land use-management and references. The name of the unit was given in Latin but also in the<br />
Nordic languages and English. This material was later adapted for electronic database format. In 1999,<br />
the database “European Vegetation Types, The Nordic Countries” was published on CD-ROM and in<br />
2000 on the Internet (PÅHLSSON 2000). This database has been instrumental in the classification of<br />
inventory data and also as a tool for rapid analysis of Nordic vegetation types and their relationship to<br />
different factors and (physiographic) regions.<br />
Table 1: Comparison of map , vegetation and habitat units by codes of different European systems: Map of the<br />
Natural Vegetation of Europe (MNVE); Vegetation types of the Nordic Countries (VTN); EU-Systems<br />
(PAL. HAB. – EUNIS – NATURA 2000)<br />
Application to Sweden MNVE VTN Pal. Hab. EUNIS Natura 2000<br />
High mountains<br />
- nival/high alpine A 4 1331 36.12 E 4.12 ---<br />
- middle alpine heath B 41 1115 36.323 E 4.32 6150<br />
- low alpine heath B 42 1112 31.45 F 2.25 4060<br />
Montane birch forests<br />
1132 31.49 F 2.29 4060<br />
- moist/rich C 9 2214 41.B726 G1.917 9040<br />
2212a 41.B722 G1.917 9040<br />
- dry/intermediate C 10 2212 41.B722 G1.917 9040<br />
2213 41.B725 G1.917 9040<br />
- poor<br />
Western boreal spruce/pine forests<br />
C 11 2211 41.B721 G1.917 9040<br />
- northern boreal D 1 (spruce) 2121 42.C1 G3.A1 9010<br />
2126 42.C4 G3.A4 9010<br />
2123 44.A4 G3.D5 91D0<br />
D 42 (pine) 2111 42.C8 G3.B4 9010<br />
2112a 42.C5 G3.B1<br />
- middle boreal D 4 2121 42.C1 G3.A1 9010<br />
D 45 (pine) 2111 42.C8 G3.B4 9010<br />
2112 42.C5 G3.B1 9010<br />
D 46 (pine) 2113 44.A25 G3.D1 91D0<br />
- southern boreal D 8 2124 42.C3 G3.A3 9010,9050<br />
- hemiboreal D 15 2124 42.C3 G3.A3 9010,9050<br />
D 16 2113 44.A25 G3.D1 91D0<br />
2115 42.C7 G3.B3 9010<br />
D 17 2121 42.C1 G3.A1 9010<br />
D 53 (pine) 2116 42.C7 G3.B3 9010<br />
Northwest European coastal heaths<br />
D 54 (pine) 2114 42.C6 G3.B2 9010<br />
E 8 5115 31.21 F4.21 4030<br />
5121 31.11 F4.11 4010<br />
5132 35.12 E1.72 4030<br />
Mesophytic decidous broad-leaved forests<br />
F 8 2231 41.51 G1.81/82 9190<br />
F 10 2232 41.24 G1.A14 9160<br />
F 37 2224 41.A1 G1.A31 9170<br />
209
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