Dokumentation og international benchmarking af bygge - Danmarks ...

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2 Definition and contentDefinitionIn the regulation proposed by Eurostat concerning an output price indexfor construction, an output price index shows the development of actualprices paid by the client to the contractor. The output price index showsthe developments of the main production factors of construction, includingchanges in productivity and in the contractor’s margins. Output priceindices generally include materials, labour, equipment hire, bathroom/kitchenfittings, overheads, profits and trade margins. On the otherhand, the price of land, architect’s and engineer’s fees, client’s margins aswell as VAT are not included. The output price index describes the developmentof actual realized prices in the construction industry and that alsoincludes the granting of discounts without including the VAT. VAT is notincluded because the construction companies have no impact on it andbecause it is not an economic indicator.The Austrian output price index for construction includes the costs ofmaterials (including transport to site), labour, equipment hire, the installationcosts of water, gas and electricity and internal fittings. The indextakes into account price changes of the production factors (capital, wages)as well as changes of productivity and profit margins. Excluded are landpurchase and preparations costs, telephone installation costs, externalfittings, professional fees. The prices are net of discounts, and do not includeVAT. It is thus fully in accordance with Eurostats definition of anoutput price index.In Germany actual prices paid by the client to the contractor excludingVAT are use for the compilation of output price indices.In Switzerland architects and engineers fees are included in the indexsince those fees have traditionally been included in the construction indexfor dwellings in the regional statistical offices across the country.Component cost methodThe component cost method is a prior breakdown method where the constructionoutput is broken down into standardised hom<strong>og</strong>eneous components.69
Construction totalOutput price index for constructionConstruction branchBuildingsCivil engeenering workTypesMajor componentResidential buildings Non-residential buildings Construction of road Construction of tunnelEarthworkElementary componentExcavation of foundationEach standard construction type consists of a number of major componentssuch as earthworks, concrete, masonry, roofing etc. Each majorcomponent comprises of a number of elementary components such asexcavation of foundations, transportation of soil, compacting of sand intrenches etc. For the price collection, the elementary components are definedin details.Major components are defined to facilitate the exact identification of thecontent, supported by appropriate explanations of materials used.The prices are collected for a number of the elementary components or atthe level of major components.Advantages of componentcost methodFor the calculation of an output price index using the component costmethod, the prices are collected for different construction componentsand not only for the completed construction type. This approach is basedon the idea that one completed construction type is not considered as anindependent unit but as the sum of different phases in its completion.Based on these prices, price indices for each standard component is calculatedand subsequently aggregated into a total index for the respectiveconstruction type.By applying this method for the calculation of indices for buildings, thecomponents remain comparable over time and are more hom<strong>og</strong>eneousthan the whole construction type. It is relatively easy to construct indicesfor different kinds of buildings by changing the weights of each componentonly, because most components are common for different kinds ofbuilding categories. This means that only the construction componentsessential for the specific construction type are priced and compared overtime. These construction components have an indicative function i.e. thatthey represent the price development of similar construction components.In this context, the construction type is of great importance and shouldnot be separately considered when defining the elementary componentsfor which prices are collected. Furthermore, the component cost methodenables the calculation of sub indices.70
Page 1 and 2:
Dokumentation og internationalbench
Page 3 and 4:
1. Indledning1.1. Baggrund og form
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2. Sammenfatning2.1. Baggrund og fo
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stedet at anvende regnskabsstatisti
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ATP-oplysningerne er korrelerede me
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øget fokus og straf på kommuner,
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3.1.3.2. Byggeomkostningsindeks 2Ud
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Den centraleproblemstillingDet cent
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3.2. Outputprisindeks for bygge- og
Page 19 and 20: PriserHvad er udfordringen?De prise
Page 21 and 22: elle byggemetode. For det andet ska
Page 23 and 24: Hovedpunkterne i tilbagemeldingen v
Page 25 and 26: Løbende og faste priserDer er foku
Page 27 and 28: ner af variable og erhverv (bl.a. o
Page 29 and 30: underentrepriser udelades (da de ik
Page 31 and 32: Faste priserDet bedst mulige estima
Page 33 and 34: 4. BilagBilag 3.1.1.Beskæftigede v
Page 35 and 36: 4) Andet bygnings- og anlægsarbejd
Page 37 and 38: DataVægtgrundlaget erbaseret på f
Page 39 and 40: Figur 1Påbegyndte boliger, første
Page 41 and 42: Bilag 3.1.4.Dokumentation af beregn
Page 43 and 44: slutningen for tidsperioden med byg
Page 45 and 46: Tabel 3. Reparation og vedligeholde
Page 47 and 48: A.III. Sort bygningsreparation [H45
Page 49 and 50: Tabel 5: Deflatorer til produktions
Page 51 and 52: Optimal bestemmelse af alle variabl
Page 53 and 54: erne for udvælgelsen (demografisk,
Page 55 and 56: systemer. Der bruges nu særdeles r
Page 57 and 58: Bilag 3.1.7.Byggevirksomhed, intern
Page 59 and 60: Holland: Der gennemføres en eller
Page 61 and 62: Andre initiativerOffentliggørelses
Page 63 and 64: Bilag 3.1.8.International benchmark
Page 65 and 66: samlede investeringsomfang på erhv
Page 67 and 68: Ud over ovennævnte hovedtyper find
Page 69: Germany:• The German National Ban
Page 73 and 74: • VAT and other sales taxes shoul
Page 75 and 76: It is very difficult to make one ge
Page 77 and 78: nents. In Germany, reporting of the
Page 79 and 80: Germany:There are three cases to be
Page 81 and 82: Office building 11% 26,4%Dwellings
Page 83 and 84: Itfbrtpfbr= × 100t 0pfbrIndex of c
Page 85 and 86: ConstructionType cRegionaleweights
Page 87 and 88: PlasteringPlastering work (internal
Page 89 and 90: Bilag 3.2.2.International experienc
Page 91 and 92: Bilag 3.2.3.International experienc
Page 93 and 94: In order to calculate the price lin
Page 95 and 96: the usual definition of an output p
Page 97 and 98: They use the t-value as a guideline
Page 99 and 100: Bilag 3.2.4.Output price index for
Page 101 and 102: Figure 1.Conceptual frame: Construc
Page 103 and 104: The representativity of the constru
Page 105 and 106: Matched model methodHedonics method
Page 107 and 108: Bilag 3.2.5.Fra: Finn Bo FrandsenTi
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