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praktiskegrunde<br />

<strong>Praktisk</strong>e <strong>Grunde</strong> . Nordisk tidsskrift for kultur- og samfundsvidenskab<br />

Nr. 1-2 / 2010 . ISSN 1902-2271 . www.hexis.dk<br />

Bourdieu og staten<br />

Jens Arnholtz Hansen & Ole Hammerslev<br />

Abstract: Bourdieu made neither comprehensive empirical studies of the state nor did he develop a<br />

coherent theory of the state. Yet throughout his work it is possible to find various guiding principles on<br />

how the state can be examined, most of which are based on his studies in other areas. These guiding<br />

principles point out directions for new empirical studies and new ways of examining the state. This article<br />

explores the various analyses of the state in Bourdieu’s work, with a dual purpose. On the one<br />

hand, it discusses the theoretical reflections and methodological tools that enabled Bourdieu to develop<br />

a sociological reflexive approach to the study of the state. On the other hand the article points<br />

out some of the general elements in Bourdieu’s analyses of the state. It thus emphasizes the genesis of<br />

the state as a process of concentration and monopolization of different forms of capital, while at the<br />

same time insisting on the practices and structural positions of the actors involved in this process.<br />

Moreover the article explains how concepts such as symbolic violence, bureaucratic field and field of<br />

power are central to Bourdieu’s sociology of the state.<br />

Key words: Bourdieu, the state, reflexive sociology, field of power, bureaucratic field<br />

Indledning<br />

... den forskning vedrørende staten, jeg har været i gang med i nogle år, er et ’an-<br />

komstpunkt’, for så vidt som det foranlediger mig til mere udførligt at forklare og<br />

systematisere resultaterne eller indsigterne fra mine tidligere forskningsarbejder<br />

(især om uddannelse), og samtidig er det også et nyt ’udgangspunkt’, for så vidt<br />

som jeg takket være begrebet om magtfeltet nu er i stand til metodisk at formulere<br />

problemet om de forskellige felters relationer til hinanden og i særdeleshed deres<br />

relationer til det administrative felt” (Bourdieu & Böhlke 2010, s. 140).<br />

På trods af at Pierre Bourdieu langsomt mere eksplicit begyndte at interessere sig for<br />

staten, er han sjældent blevet læst som politisk sociolog (se dog Swartz 2003; Wac-<br />

quant 2005b). I den brede internationale og danske reception af Bourdieu er hans<br />

analyser af staten stort set fraværende. En forklaring kan måske være, at Bourdieus<br />

sociologi om staten ikke består af en samlet teori eller et klart afgrænset studie. På

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